Table I.

Mean fraction of remaining intact roots and IgG release after shearing for times up to 360 s at 75 s⁻¹ in the shearing device

Shearing time (s)	Mean fraction of intact roots after shearing	Model prediction of fraction of intact roots	IgG release (fraction of nitrogen grinding)	Model prediction of fractional IgG release
0	0.92 ± 0.05	1.00	0.1 ± 0.1	0.2
30	0.60 ± 0.07	0.61	0.3 ± 0.2	0.8
120	0.38 ± 0.03	0.37	0.8 ± 0.4	1.2
240	0.35 ± 0.06	0.36	2.3 ± 0.8	1.3
360	0.36 ± 0.04	0.36	1.0 ± 0.8	1.3

IgG release was expressed as a fraction of IgG release by grinding in liquid nitrogen from roots of the same plant. The experimental measurements were done in triplicate and the estimate of the errors in each case was ± the standard error of the mean (SEM). Corresponding model predictions from Equation 1 of the fraction of intact roots after shearing are also given. The fraction of unbreakable roots, u, was found by fitting the curve, to be 0.36 and the breakage constant, ηf, was 0.032 s⁻¹. Model predictions are also given for IgG release, assuming the latter was proportional to the number of fragmented roots. The proportionality constant was found by fitting the curve, to be 2.