Table 1.
Gene | Expression | Mutant Phenotype | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
BMP7 | MM, ND, UB | Dysplasia, arrested development | (Dudley et al., 1995) |
Eya1 | MM | Agenesis, absence of UB outgrowth | (Xu et al., 1999) |
Gata3 | ND, UB | Ectopic UB, kidney dysplasia | (Grote et al., 2006) |
Gdnf | MM | Agenesis due to lack of UB growth | (Moore et al., 1996; Sanchez et al., 1996) |
Hnf4a | SSB, PT | (Heliot et al., 2013) | |
Irx1 | SSB | Defects in Xenopus pronephros | (Alarcon et al., 2008) |
Irx3 | CS | Defects in Xenopus pronephros | (Reggiani et al., 2007) |
Lhx1 | ND, UB, CS | Agenesis due to ND defects | (Tsang et al., 2000) |
Npnt | UB | Agenesis or hypoplasia | (Linton et al., 2007) |
Ret | ND, UB | Agenesis due to lack of UB outgrowth | (Schuchardt et al., 1996) |
Sal1 | MM, RV | Agenesis due to defect in UB | (Nishinakamura et al., 2001) |
Six2 | CM | Depletion of progenitor cells, dysplasia | (Self et al., 2006) |
Vsnl1 | UB tips | (Ola et al., 2011) |
MM, metanephric mesenchyme; ND, nephric duct; UB, ureteric bud; CM, cap mesenchyme; RV, renal vesicle; Cs, comma shaped body; SSB, s-shaped body.