Table 2.
Studies using the gastrointestinal simulators (i.e., SHIME).
| Reference | Simulator | Phenolic compound/food | Dose | Time | Microbial technique | Population increase | Population decrease |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| De Boever et al. (2000) [57] | SHIME | Soy germ powder | 2.5 g/day | 2 weeks | Plate count | Enterobacteriaceae Coliforms Lactobacillus spp. Staphylococcus spp. Clostridium spp. |
|
|
| |||||||
| Kemperman et al. (2013) [31] | Twin-SHIME | Black tea extract | 3 × daily dosing (1000 mg polyphenols as total daily dose) | 2 weeks | Plate count qPCR PCR-DGGE pyrosequencing |
Klebsiella spp. Enterococci Akkermansia spp. |
Bifidobacteria Blautia coccoides Anaeroglobus spp. Victivallis spp. |
|
| |||||||
| Kemperman et al. (2013) [31] | Twin-SHIME | Red wine-grape extract | 3 × daily dosing (1000 mg polyphenols as total daily dose) | 2 weeks | Plate count qPCR PCR-DGGE pyrosequencing |
Klebsiella spp. Alistipes spp. Cloacibacillus spp. Victivallis spp. Akkermansia spp. |
Bifidobacteria Blautia coccoides group Anaeroglobus spp. Subdoligranulum spp. Bacteroides |