Figure 1.

The fluorescence of CT-DNA stained with ethidium bromide is reduced by doxorubicin and juglone, Q7, or Q9, mainly in presence of ascorbate (Asc) (a). Absorbance of thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) in CT-DNA treated with juglone, Q7, or Q9 alone and combined with ascorbate. Negative control (NC): phosphate buffer. Positive control (PC): [Fe(EDTA)]²⁻/H₂O₂ (b). DNA damage index was determined by the comet assay in MCF-7 cells treated for 24 h with juglone 75 μM, Q7 50 μM, or Q9 50 μM with or without ascorbate 1 mM (c). γH2AX was assessed by immunoelectrophoresis in MCF-7 cells treated for 2 h with juglone (Jug), Q7, or Q9 at 20 μM with or without ascorbate (Asc) at 1 mM (d). (∗∗) and (∗∗∗) denote statistical differences at P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 compared to indicated treatments.