Table 2. Meta-analysis of association between WT1 expression and prognosis of solid tumors (WT1 positive versus negative expression).
| OS | DSS | DFS/RFS/PFS | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | metaHR(95%CI) | Ph | I2(%) | No. | metaHR(95%CI) | Ph | I2(%) | No. | metaHR(95%CI) | Ph | I2(%) | |
| Total | 14 | 1.48(1.11–1.97) | 0.00 | 65 | 5 | 1.46(0.97–2.20) | 0.01 | 72 | 12 | 2.14(1.42–3.21)a | 0.00 | 72 |
| Cancer type | ||||||||||||
| Carcinoma | 8 | 1.34(0.83–2.15) | 0.00 | 67 | 4 | 1.36(0.88–2.10) | 0.01 | 76 | 11 | 2.14(1.37–3.36) | 0.00 | 74 |
| Ovarian | 4 | 1.57(1.10–2.24)b | 0.21 | 34 | 4 | 1.36(0.88–2.10) | 0.01 | 76 | 4 | 2.61(1.94–3.52)b | 0.75 | 0 |
| Univariate | 3 | 1.31(0.81–2.10)b | 0.19 | 39 | 1 | 2.10(1.41–3.12) | - | - | 3 | 2.49(1.79–3.44)b | 0.72 | 0 |
| Mutivariate | 1 | 1.98(1.15–3.41) | - | - | 3 | 1.15(0.93–1.43)b | 0.05 | 66 | 1 | 3.36(1.60–7.04) | - | - |
| Breast | 0 | - | - | - | 0 | - | - | - | 4 | 1.43(0.99–2.06)b | 0.10 | 53 |
| Endometrial | 2 | 1.96(1.04–3.72)b | 0.53 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 0 | - | - | - |
| Non-carcinoma | 6 | 1.59(1.07–2.37) | 0.01 | 67 | 1 | 2.60(1.00–6.73) | - | - | 1 | 2.17(1.11–4.25) | - | - |
| Uni/Multivariate | ||||||||||||
| Univariate | 10 | 1.50(1.11–2.03) | 0.02 | 53 | 1 | 2.10(1.41–3.12) | - | - | 4 | 2.56(1.87–3.51)b | 0.77 | 0 |
| Mutivariate | 4 | 1.32(0.59–2.92) | 0.00 | 83 | 4 | 1.30(0.83–2.03) | 0.04 | 65 | 8 | 1.86(1.04–3.35) | 0.00 | 78 |
| Detection method | ||||||||||||
| antigen-based | 11 | 1.67(1.27–2.21) | 0.05 | 46 | 4 | 1.36(0.88–2.10) | 0.01 | 76 | 7 | 2.61(2.02–3.37)b | 0.26 | 23 |
| mRNA-based | 3 | 0.65(0.14–2.91) | 0.00 | 89 | 1 | 2.60(1.00–6.73) | - | - | 5 | 1.56(0.75–3.24) | 0.00 | 78 |
| Sample size | ||||||||||||
| <99 | 6 | 1.45(0.72–2.91) | 0.00 | 71 | 1 | 2.60(1.00–6.73) | - | - | 5 | 3.16(2.14–4.67)b | 0.56 | 0 |
| ≥99 | 8 | 1.52(1.12–2.08) | 0.01 | 64 | 4 | 1.36(0.88–2.10) | 0.01 | 76 | 7 | 1.62(0.94–2.81) | 0.00 | 78 |
| Patient source | ||||||||||||
| Europe | 5 | 1.83(1.52–2.19)b | 0.85 | 0 | 2 | 1.57(0.92–2.66) | 0.03 | 80 | 5 | 1.95(1.52–2.49)b | 0.05 | 57 |
| Asia | 6 | 0.93(0.42–2.05) | 0.00 | 83 | 2 | 2.12(1.23–3.65)b | 0.61 | 0 | 7 | 2.16(1.01–4.62) | 0.00 | 80 |
| North of America | 3 | 1.61(1.06–2.44)b | 0.29 | 20 | 1 | 0.73(0.45–1.18) | - | - | 0 | - | - | - |
| Public bias | ||||||||||||
| Begg's test | 0.38 | 0.81 | 0.45 | |||||||||
| Egger's test | 0.27 | 0.57 | 0.39 | |||||||||
Abbreviations: No. = number; Ph = Pheterogeneity, HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; OS = overall survival; DSS = disease-specific survival; DFS = disease- free survival; PFS = progression-free survival; RFS = relapse/recurrence-free survival.
Statistically significant associations(P<0.05) are shown in bold if number of studies was equal or more than 2.
aFor DFS, metaHR = 1.41, 95%CI = 1.05–1.88; for RFS, metaHR = 3.47, 95%CI = 1.87–6.45; for PFS, metaHR = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.75–3.23.
bIf number of studies was equal or more than 2, fixed-effects model was used; otherwise, random-effects model was used.