Table 1.
Population and procedure counts for joint replacement (knee and hip), 2004-10, in people aged 40-64 in Massachusetts and comparison states (New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania). Figures are numbers (percentage) unless stated otherwise
| Massachusetts | Comparison states | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before reform, 2004-06* | After reform, 2008-10† | Before reform, 2004-06* | After reform, 2008-10† | ||
| Total No of procedures performed | 15 019 | 20 573 | 84 850 | 109 405 | |
| Women | 8278 (55.1) | 11 403 (55.4) | 50 411 (59.4) | 63 620 (58.2) | |
| Men | 6741 (44.9) | 9170 (44.6) | 34 439 (40.6) | 45 785 (41.8) | |
| Age (years): | |||||
| 40-54 | 5283 (35.2) | 7290 (35.4) | 30 451 (35.9) | 37 593 (34.4) | |
| 55-64 | 9746 (64.9) | 13 283 (64.6) | 54 399 (64.1) | 71 812 (65.6) | |
| Race/ethnicity: | |||||
| White | 13 566 (90.3) | 18 451 (89.7) | 69 219 (81.6) | 89 822 (82.1) | |
| Black | 680 (4.5) | 1101 (5.4) | 8111 (9.6) | 10 840 (9.9) | |
| Hispanic | 279 (1.9) | 541 (2.6) | 2986 (3.5) | 3773 (3.4) | |
| Other | 257 (1.7) | 328 (1.6) | 2358 (2.8) | 3463 (3.2) | |
| Unknown | 237 (1.6) | 152 (0.7) | 2176 (2.6) | 1,507 (1.4) | |
| Zip code median income‡: | |||||
| Low | 2988 (19.9) | 4315 (21.0) | 16 739 (20.0) | 21 919 (20.4) | |
| Medium | 3724 (24.8) | 5044 (24.6) | 22 247 (26.5) | 28 648 (26.6) | |
| High | 8281 (55.2) | 11 178 (54.4) | 44 818 (53.5) | 57 121 (53.0) | |
*From first quarter in 2004 to second quarter in 2006.
†From first quarter in 2008 to second quarter in 2010.
‡Area income could not be grouped in small proportion of cases (0.2% in MA and 1.7% in comparisons states) because of missing or invalid zip code.