Table 3.

Non-lipid parameters, mean level and change over time by treatment group.

		Mean ± SE			Change, 3 mo			Change, 6 mo
	Treatment	BL	3 mo	6 mo	Mean ± SE	P (change)*	P (diff)†	Mean ± SE	P (change)*	P (diff)†
Glucose, mg/dL	Omega-3 FA	88.5 ± 1.8	90.2 ± 1.8	92.1 ± 1.8	1.7 ± 1.7	0.34	0.86	3.6 ± 2.1	0.10	0.30
	Placebo	89.5 ± 1.8	90.8 ± 1.8	89.8 ± 2.0	1.3 ± 1.7	0.47		0.3 ± 2.3	0.91
Insulin, mcIU/mL‡	Omega-3 FA	18.1 ± 2.5	20.8 ± 2.9	22.7 ± 3.1	2.7 ± 1.8	0.16	0.61	4.6 ± 2.4	0.09	0.81
	Placebo	22.6 ± 3.1	28.0 ± 3.8	27.0 ± 4.0	5.4 ± 2.2	0.04		4.4 ± 3.2	0.21
HOMA- IR mg/dL×mcIU/mL‡	Omega-3 FA	4.1 ± 0.6	4.6 ± 0.7	5.1 ± 0.7	0.5 ± 0.4	0.27	0.47	1.0 ± 0.6	0.11	0.82
	Placebo	5.0 ± 0.7	6.3 ± 0.9	6.0 ± 0.9	1.3 ± 0.5	0.03		1.0 ± 0.7	0.23
EndoPAT index‡	Omega-3 FA	1.71 ± 0.14	1.58 ± 0.14	1.58 ± 0.13	−0.13 ± 0.13	0.32	0.67	−0.14 ± 0.15	0.36	0.33
	Placebo	1.59 ± 0.13	1.53 ± 0.13	1.66 ± 0.15	−0.05 ± 0.12	0.66		−0.08 ± 0.15	0.63
BMI, kg/m2	Omega-3 FA	31.3 ± 1.3	31.7 ± 1.3	31.8 ± 1.3	0.40 ± 0.23	0.09	0.33	0.51 ± 0.33	0.13	0.91
	Placebo	31.2 ± 1.3	31.9 ± 1.3	31.7 ± 1.3	0.72 ± 0.23	0.003		0.46 ± 0.36	0.21
BMI z-score	Omega-3 FA	2.08 ± 0.12	2.07 ± 0.12	2.06 ± 0.12	−0.01 ± 0.02	0.62	0.08	−0.02 ± 0.03	0.58	0.74
	Placebo	2.11 ± 0.12	2.16 ± 0.12	2.11 ± 0.12	0.04 ± 0.02	0.05		−0.00 ± 0.03	0.95
Weight, kg	Omega-3 FA	81.4 ± 5.9	83.3 ± 5.9	84.9 ± 5.9	1.9 ± 0.7	0.006	0.26	3.5 ± 0.9	0.0006	0.82
	Placebo	82.9 ± 5.9	85.9 ± 5.9	86.1 ± 5.9	3.0 ± 0.7	<0.0001		3.2 ± 1.0	0.003
Weight z-score	Omega-3 FA	2.22 ± 0.20	2.22 ± 0.20	2.23 ± 0.20	−0.00 ± 0.02	0.93	0.09	0.01 ± 0.03	0.81	0.65
	Placebo	1.97 ± 0.20	2.03 ± 0.20	2.00 ± 0.20	0.06 ± 0.02	0.02		0.03 ± 0.04	0.41
Waist circumference cm	Omega-3 FA	99.0 ± 3.7	102.3 ± 3.7	103.2 ± 3.7	3.3 ± 1.0	0.002	0.24	4.2 ± 1.4	0.004	0.32
	Placebo	103.8 ± 3.7	105.4 ± 3.7	106.0 ± 3.7	1.6 ± 1.0	0.11		2.1 ± 1.5	0.16
SBP z-score	Omega-3 FA	0.01 ± 0.27	−0.42 ± 0.27	−0.51 ± 0.27	−0.44 ± 0.23	0.06	0.38	−0.53 ± 0.29	0.08	0.72
	Placebo	0.23 ± 0.28	0.09 ± 0.28	−0.13 ± 0.31	−0.14 ± 0.24	0.56		−0.36 ± 0.34	0.29
DBP z-score	Omega-3 FA	0.30 ± 0.24	0.56 ± 0.24	0.31 ± 0.24	0.27 ± 0.21	0.22	0.018	0.01 ± 0.27	0.96	0.25
	Placebo	0.86 ± 0.25	0.35 ± 0.25	0.39 ± 0.28	−0.50 ± 0.22	0.03		−0.46 ± 0.31	0.15

Diff – difference; BMI – body mass index; DBP - diastolic blood pressure; HOMA-IR homeostasis model of assessment – insulin resistance; mo – months; SBP - systolic blood pressure; SE – standard error.

^*Testing for zero mean change within treatment group, by t-test constructed from parameters of repeated-measures analysis of variance.

^†Testing for equal mean change between treatment groups.

^‡Log-transformed for analysis; results re-transformed to natural units.