Table 2.
Characteristics of surgically resected duodenal gangliocytic paragangliomas.
| Case | Presentation | Size | Location | Management | Components | Behavior |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dahl et al. [2] | Abdominal discomfort | 1.2 cm | 2nd Portion of duodenum | Surgical local excision | Unmyelinated nerve fibers | No regional involvement |
| Wong et al. [3] | RUQ pain | 1.4 cm | Ampulla of Vater | Whipple procedure | Epithelial, neurofibrillary, and stromal cells | 6 of 7 lymph nodes positive |
| Sundararajan et al. [4] | Surveillance EGD | 5 cm | 2nd Portion of duodenum | Whipple procedure | Epithelioid, spindle, and ganglion cells | 1 of 2 lymph nodes positive |
| Kwon et al. [5] | Melena | 2.5 cm | Ampulla of Vater | Whipple procedure | Endocrine, spindle, and ganglion cells | No regional involvement |
| Shi et al. [8] | LLQ pain | 4 cm | Ampulla of Vater | Whipple procedure | Epithelial, spindle, and ganglion cells | 8 of 12 lymph nodes positive |
| Witkiewicz et al. [11] | RUQ pain | 1.5 cm | 2nd portion of duodenum | Endoscopic resectiona | Epithelioid, spindle, and ganglion cells | 2 of 7 lymph nodes positive |
| Cecka et al. [12] | Positive fecal occult blood test | 1.8 cm | 2nd portion of duodenum | Removal through duodenotomy | Spindle and ganglion cells | No regional involvement |
| Our case | Melena | 2.5 cm | 3rd Portion of duodenum | Removal through duodenotomy | Spindle and ganglion cells | No regional involvement |
a
This patient initially underwent endoscopic resection for which pathologic examination of the specimen demonstrated tumor extending to the margin and subsequently underwent a Whipple procedure.