Table 2.

Gaze Data: Descriptive Statistics

Group	Measure	Condition	Phase	M	SD
TD	Looking duration in face AOI (%)a	Direct gaze	Encoding	82.50	17.55
			Answering	60.21	22.64
		Averted gaze	Encoding	71.88	16.41
			Answering	49.79	17.86
	Vertical position in faceb	Direct gaze	Encoding	−16.47	14.62
			Answering	−8.94	14.08
		Averted gaze	Encoding	−14.06	14.11
			Answering	−7.83	16.29
ASD	Looking time in face AOI (%)	Direct gaze	Encoding	78.06	15.84
			Answering	60.01	20.88
		Averted gaze	Encoding	64.05	22.32
			Answering	42.56	23.51
	Vertical position in face	Direct gaze	Encoding	−6.91	17.45
			Answering	0.73	17.71
		Averted gaze	Encoding	−9.34	18.18
			Answering	1.64	13.37

Note. ASD = autism spectrum disorder; TD = typically developing; AOI = areas of interest.

^aRefers to the percentage of looking duration in the face AOI relative to looking duration anywhere in the stimulus area.

^bRefers to the vertical distance from the fixation point to the center of the face AOI (only for gaze data falling within the face AOI). Possible values are in the range −50 to 50, where negative values indicate fixations below the center of the AOI and positive values indicate fixations above the center of the AOI (a value of 50 would indicate looking at the top of the face AOI). The center of the face AOI was defined as the tip of the nose of the experimenter.