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. 2015 Mar 31;5(3):e535. doi: 10.1038/tp.2015.24

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Copyright © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited

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A set of bar graphs showing the measures of anxiety-like behavior by home-cage emergence (a and b) and open-field (c and d) tests in naive animal experiments. Before testing, animals were stimulated for 15 min and continuously for another 5 min during both the anxiety tasks. LFS of the LHb, and HFS of the Cg, vmPFC, NAc core and LHb reduced the escape latency from the home-cage emergence test, indicating anxiolytic behavior. No significant difference was found in the open-field test of both LFS and HFS groups. Data represent means±s.e.m. Significant difference from the sham animals, ^*P<0.05. Cg, cingulate cortex; HFS, high-frequency stimulation; LFS, low-frequency stimulation; LHb, lateral habenular nucleus; NAc, nucleus accumbens; vmPFC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex.