Solution	Components	Comments
Synthetic Defined (SD) Minimal Yeast Medium	2 % dextrose, 0.67 % yeast nitrogen base without amino acids, 0.002 % adenine, 0.004 % uracil, 0.002 % arginine, 0.001 % histidine, 0.006 % isoleucine, 0.006 % leucine, 0.004 % lysine, 0.001 % methionine, 0.006 % phenylalanine, 0.005 % threonine, 0.004 % tryptophan. For solid (plate) medium, include 2 % agar.	1. Selective medium is prepared by omitting appropriate amino acid(s) or nitrogenous bases.
2. For convenience, these ingredients may be maintained as concentrated stock solutions as follows. Amino acids may be maintained as 100X stock solution containing all desired amino acids. Yeast nitrogen base may be maintained in a 20X stock solution (13.4 %). Dextrose may be maintained in a 40 % stock solution. Adenine and uracil may be maintained as 1 % stock solutions in 0.1 M NaOH.
3. Sterilize medium by autoclaving.
1X Laemmli Sample Buffer	2 % SDS, 10 % glycerol, 5 % β-mercaptoethanol, 60 mM Tris HCl pH 6.8, 0.008 % bromophenol blue	1. 1X Sample buffer is often prepared by diluting a more concentrated (e.g. 5X) stock.
2. The dye bromophenol blue may be added to desired intensity. A "pinch" (very small amount tapped from the edge of a spatula) is typically sufficient.
0.2 M Sodium Hydroxide		Prepare in water. Sodium hydroxide reacts with glass. Therefore, for long-term storage, 0.2 M sodium hydroxide should be maintained in plastic containers.
Laemmli Running Buffer (5X)	125 mM Tris, 960 mM glycine, 0.5 % SDS	To prepare 1 L of 1X Laemmli Running Buffer, dilute 1:5 in dH2O
Tris Acetate-SDS Transfer Buffer (5X)	125 mM Tris acetate (pH 8.8), 960 mM glycine, 0.05 % SDS	To prepare 20 L of 1X Tris Acetate-SDS Transfer Buffer, combine 4 L of 5X stock, 4 L of methanol, and 12 L of dH2O
10X Tris-Buffered Saline (TBS)	500 mM Tris, 1.5 M NaCl; pH adjusted to 7.5	To prepare 1 L of 1X TBS, dilute 1:10 in dH2O. 1X TBS may be supplemented with the detergent Tween-20 and powdered skim milk, as appropriate.