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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2015 Jan 16;137:268–277. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.035

Figure 3. Exposure-response relationships between prenatal PM2.5 level and BWGA z-score.

Figure 3

Penalized spline curves demonstrating the relationship of prenatal maternal exposure to PM2.5 with BWGA z-score, stratified by sex and maternal pre-pregnancy obesity. Solid line depicts the penalized spline curve while dotted lines indicate the 95% confidence bounds. Models were each adjusted for season of birth, maternal race, education, age at enrollment, prenatal smoking, prenatal NLEs, and neighborhood disadvantage index.