Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2015 Mar 4;12:44. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0265-0

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Ye and Steinle; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

PMC Copyright notice

Changes of TNFα and IRS1 (Ser307) levels in REC. (A) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) data for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) on retinal endothelial cells (REC) in normal glucose (NG, 5 mM) or high glucose (HG, 25 mM) and transfected groups. microRNA (miR)-15b/16 decreased TNFα levels significantly compared to the control HG condition. (B) Western blot results for phosphorylated IRS1 on Ser307 and total IRS1. Increased levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1)^Ser307 phosphorylation under hyperglycemic conditions were not changed in REC with miR overexpression. A representative blot is shown. ^# P < 0.05 versus NG, *P < 0.05 versus HG, N = 3; data are mean ± S.E.M.