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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Theor Biol. 2015 Jan 28;369:85–94. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.01.020

Figure 8.

Figure 8

For a given life expectancy, intermediate values of reproductive duration were most conducive for the evolution of cooperation, a combined effect of the positive effect of the duration of the reproductive stage and the benefit of adding post-reproductive lifespan.