Table 4.
Overall Generalized Impact Fraction* of reduction in unfavorable levels of cardiovascular health metrics by sex
| Scenario 1‡ | Scenario 2§ | Scenario 3|| | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular health metrics† | GIF (95% SI) | Prev, no** | GIF (95% SI) | Prev, no** | GIF (95% SI) | Prev, no** |
| Men | ||||||
| Body mass index | 6.2 (4.0, 8.3) | 48 | 10.4 (6.7, 13.8) | 80 | 20.7 (13.5, 27.7) | 159 |
| Cholesterol | 9.9 (6.6, 13.1) | 76 | 16.4 (11.0, 21.8) | 126 | 32.9 (22.0, 43.6) | 252 |
| Blood pressure | 10.4 (4.6, 15.3) | 80 | 17.3 (7.7, 25.5) | 133 | 34.6 (15.5, 51.1) | 265 |
| Smoking | 5.5 (4.3, 6.8) | 43 | 9.3 (7.2, 11.4) | 71 | 18.5 (14.3, 22.8) | 142 |
| Physical activity | 3.9 (2.0, 5.7) | 30 | 6.6 (3.4, 9.5) | 50 | 13.1 (6.8, 18.9) | 100 |
| Diabetes | 2.2 (1.3, 3.1) | 15 | 3.6 (2.2, 5.2) | 26 | 7.2 (4.4, 10.3) | 51 |
| Women | ||||||
| Body mass index | 3.2 (0.4, 6.1) | 12 | 5.4 (0.6, 10.1) | 20 | 10.8 (1.2, 20.2) | 40 |
| Cholesterol | 6.7 (−1.1, 13.7) | 25 | 11.2 (−1.8, 22.8) | 42 | 22.3 (−3.5, 45.5) | 84 |
| Blood pressure | 15.1 (8.1, 20.7) | 57 | 25.2 (13.5, 34.5) | 95 | 50.4 (27.0, 69.0) | 189 |
| Smoking | 7.1 (5.6, 8.7) | 27 | 11.9 (9.3, 14.5) | 44 | 23.8 (18.6, 29.1) | 88 |
| Physical activity | 5.4 (2.4, 8.1) | 20 | 9.0 (4.0, 13.5) | 34 | 17.8 (8.1, 26.9) | 67 |
| Diabetes | 2.8 (1.7, 4.0) | 10 | 4.7 (2.8, 6.6) | 17 | 9.3 (5.7, 13.2) | 35 |
GIF, Generalized Impact Fraction in percent; SI, 2.5 % to 97.5% Simulation Interval from 10,000 bootstrapped data sets.
*The overall GIF using the case-load weighted sum method.
†Ideal levels of the health metrics.
Body Mass Index < 25 kg/m2.
Total cholesterol < 5.18 mmol/l (<200 mg/dl).
Systolic blood pressure < 120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 80 mmHg.
Non-smokers.
Moderate physical activity ≥ 3 hours per week or vigorous physical activity ≥ 1 hours per week.
Non – Diabetes.
‡30% decrease in subjects not in ideal levels, with movement of this 30% to ideal levels.
§50% decrease in subjects not in ideal levels, with movement of this 50% to ideal levels.
||100% elimination of subjects not in ideal levels, with movement of this 100% to ideal levels.
**The preventable number of MI per 100,000 person-years.
The Tromsø Study 1994–2008.