Table 2. Differences among leishmaniasis and co-infected leishmaniasis-HIV cases based hospitalizations, with leishmaniasis as first diagnosis. Spain 1997–2011.

Variables		Leishmania as first diagnosis (n = 3442)
		VIH positive		VIH negative		Unadjusted OR	Adjusted OR
		N	%	N	%
No. of subjects		1255	36.46	2187	63,54
Sex	Female	171	13.6	726	33.2	1	1
	Male	1084	86.4	1461	66.8	2.22 (1.93–2.56)**	1.50 (1.17–1.91) *
Age group	0–15	0	0.0	820	37.5	1	1
	16–64	1248	99.4	992	45.4	1032 (144.9–7344) **	990 (138.76–7065.63) **
	>65	7	0.6	375	17.1	0.07 (0.01–0.53) **	0.02 (0.01–0.03) **
Leishmaniasis	Cutaneous	13	1.0	105	4.8	1	1
	Visceral	1107	88.2	1737	79.4	5.15 (2.88–9.20) **	6.07 (3.27–11.28) **
	Non-defined	135	10.8	345	15.8	0.32 (0.18–0.60) **	0.06 (0.06–0.77) **
Type of discharge	No Exitus	1252	94.3	2042	96.5	1	1
	Exitus	48	3.6	59	2.8	1.33 (0.90–1.96)	–
	Unknown	27	2.0	14	0.7	3.14 (1.64–6.02) **	4.18 (1.50–11.66) *
Re-hospitalization	No	887	70.7	1732	79.2	1	1
	Yes	368	29.3	455	20.8	1.56 (1.35–1.85) **	1.69 (1.35–2.12) **
Surgery	No	1185	94.4	1994	91.2	1	1
	Yes	70	5.6	193	8.8	0.61 (0.46–0.81) **	1.75 (1.24–2.47) **
Days of stay	≤15 days	852	67.9	1486	67.9	1	–
	> 16 days	403	32.1	701	32.1	1 (0.86–1.16)	–
Solid neoplasm	No	1230	98.0	2165	99.0	1	1
	Yes	25	2.0	22	1.0	2 (1.12–3.56)*	4.45 (1.65–12.04) *
Lymph- hematopoietic neoplasms	No	1246	99.3	2132	97.5	1	1
	Yes	9	0.7	55	2.5	0.28 (0.14–0.57) **	0.25 (0.11–0.57) *
Other immunodeficiencies	No	1255	99.9	2149	98.3	1	1
	Yes	1	1.0	37	1.7	0.05 (0.01–0.34) **	0.04 (0.01–0.32) *
Transplant	No	1255	100.0	2098	95.9	1	1
	Yes	0	0.0	89	4.1	0.01 (0.01–0.14) **	0.01 (0.00–0.07) **
Transplant failure	No	1245	99.2	2160	98.8	1	–
	Yes	10	0.8	27	1.2	0.64 (0.31–1.33)	–
Aplastic Anemia	No	1078	85.9	1856	84.9	1	–
	Yes	177	14.1	331	15.1	0.92 (0.76–1.12)	–
Diabetes Mellitus	No	1244	99	2009	91.9	1	1
	Yes	12	1	177	8.1	0.11 (0.06–0.20) **	0.10 (0.05–0.18) **
Hepatitis	No	1112	88.6	2153	98.4	1	1
	Yes	143	11.4	34	1.6	8.14 (5.56–11.92) **	3.95 (2.52–6.20) **
Long term use of steroids	No	1255	100.0	2171	99.3	1	1
	Yes	0	0.0	16	0.7	0.11 (0.01–0.81) *	0.69 (0.05–9.65)
Long-term drug use	No	1219	97.1	2168	99.1	1	1
	Yes	36	2.9	19	0.9	3.37 (1.92–5.19) **	2.97 (1.40–6.33) *
Alcoholism	No	1183	94.3	2143	98.0	1	1
	Yes	72	5.7	44	2.0	2.96 (2.02–4.34) **	1.76 (1.12–2.78) *
Institutionalized	No	1147	91.4	2169	99.2	1	1
	Yes	108	8.6	18	0.8	11.35 (6.85–18.78) **	3.96 (2.27–6.91) **
Lack of resources	No	1245	99.2	2183	99.8	1	1
	Yes	10	0.8	4	0.2	4.38 (1.37–14.03) *	4.53 (0.84–24.46)

* p<0.05;

** p<0.001.