Body weight and food consumption in offspring of mice exposed to late gestational sleep fragmentation. (A,B) Body weight of males and females, respectively. Differences between SF and SC reached statistical significance after weeks 11–12 weeks of age in male (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures: P < 0.001), whereas in females no significant differences are apparent. (C,D) Food intake in male (SFOM and SCOM), and female (SCOF, and SFOF), respectively. Food intake is expressed as g/week and is increased in SFOM mice (two-way ANOVA for repeated measures: P < 0.0001). Data are presented as mean ± standard error; n = 18 per experimental group corresponding to at least six to seven litters/condition. *P < 0.01. SF, sleep fragmentation; SC, control sleep; SCOF, sleep control female mice; SCOM, sleep control male mice; SFOF, sleep fragmented female mice; SFOM, sleep fragmented male mice.