Table 1.
Characteristics of Chinese adults by glycemic status
| Glycemic status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal glucose regulation | Prediabetes | Newly-diagnosed diabetes | Previously-diagnosed diabetes | |
| Age, year | 37.3 (37.1, 37.5) | 44.9 (44.7, 45.2) | 50.6 (50.1, 51.1) | 54.9 (54.3, 55.5) |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 47.4 (46.7, 48.2) | 52.7 (52.1, 53.3) | 53.3 (51.9, 54.7) | 52.5 (50.6, 54.4) |
| Women | 52.6 (51.9, 53.3) | 47.3 (46.7, 47.9) | 46.7 (45.3, 48.1) | 47.5 (45.6, 49.4) |
| Location | ||||
| Urban | 30.1 (29.7, 30.6) | 30.2 (29.8, 30.5) | 33.8 (32.7, 35.0) | 49.9 (48.0, 51.8) |
| Rural | 69.9 (69.4, 70.4) | 69.8 (69.5, 70.2) | 66.2 (65.0, 67.4) | 50.1 (48.2, 52.0) |
| Economic development | ||||
| Underdeveloped | 32.7 (32.1, 33.3) | 35.8 (35.4, 36.2) | 32.9 (31.5, 34.2) | 19.9 (18.4, 21.6) |
| Intermediately developed | 36.3 (35.7, 36.8) | 31.7 (31.3, 32.1) | 30.2 (29.0, 31.5) | 30.9 (29.2, 32.6) |
| Developed | 31.0 (30.5, 31.5) | 32.5 (32.1, 32.9) | 36.9 (35.7, 38.2) | 49.2 (47.3, 51.1) |
| Parental diabetes | 4.7 (4.4, 5.0) | 5.1 (4.8, 5.3) | 6.8 (6.2, 7.6) | 21.4 (19.8, 23.1) |
| Junior high education or more | 69.2 (68.6, 69.8) | 58.3 (57.7, 58.8) | 54.1 (52.7, 55.5) | 58.1 (56.3, 60.0) |
| Current smoking | 26.9 (26.3, 27.5) | 29.7 (29.2, 30.3) | 28.6 (27.4, 29.9) | 24.0 (22.3, 25.7) |
| Current drinking | 28.2 (27.6, 28.8) | 31.0 (30.4, 31.5) | 30.1 (28.9, 31.5) | 24.2 (22.6, 26.0) |
| Physical activity, MET-h/wk | 85.2 (83.7, 86.7) | 92.3 (91.0, 93.6) | 81.1 (78.2, 84.0) | 61.0 (58.2, 63.8) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.9 (22.9, 23.0) | 24.0 (23.9, 24.0) | 25.3 (25.2, 25.5) | 25.5 (25.4, 25.7) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 77.6 (77.5, 77.8) | 81.0 (80.8, 81.1) | 85.7 (85.3, 86.0) | 86.5 (86.1, 87.0) |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/L | 4.9 (4.9, 4.9) | 5.6 (5.6, 5.6) | 7.6 (7.5, 7.6) | 8.7 (8.6, 8.9) |
| OGTT-2h plasma glucose, mmol/L | 5.3 (5.2, 5.3) | 6.2 (6.2, 6.3) | 11.0 (10.9, 11.2) | 9.7 (9.0, 10.4) |
| HbA1c, % | 5.4 (5.4, 5.4) | 5.8 (5.8, 5.8) | 6.9 (6.8, 6.9) | 7.8 (7.7, 7.8) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 125.6 (125.4, 125.9) | 133.7 (133.4, 133.9) | 143.4 (142.7, 144.1) | 146.0 (145.1, 146.9) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78.2 (78.0, 78.3) | 81.7 (81.5, 81.8) | 86.0 (85.6, 86.3) | 86.4 (86.0, 86.9) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 146.8 (146.3, 147.3) | 161.8 (161.3, 162.3) | 176.7 (175.3, 178.1) | 174.3 (172.5, 176.2) |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 102.5 (101.2, 103.7) | 124.4 (123.0, 125.8) | 181.0 (176.0, 187.7) | 179.9 (172.6, 187.1) |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 80.8 (80.5, 81.2) | 91.9 (91.5, 92.2) | 100.4 (99.5, 101.4) | 99.8 (98.5, 101.0) |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 43.0 (42.8, 43.1) | 42.9 (42.8, 43.1) | 41.5 (41.2, 41.9) | 40.0 (39.6, 40.5) |
Data are weighted means (95% CIs) for continuous variables, and weighted percentages (95% CIs) for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; MET-h/wk, metabolic equivalent hours per week; BMI, body mass index; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.