Table 1.
Microbial electrosynthesis systems in chronological order of publication.
| Microbial catalyst | Cathode | Comments | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans | -Platinum | -Fe(II)-mediated | Kinsel and Umbreit (1964) |
| A. ferrooxidans | -Platinum mesh | -Fe(II)-mediated | Nakasono et al. (1997) |
| A. ferrooxidans | -Platinum mesh -0.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Fe(II)-mediated | Matsumoto et al. (1999) |
| Leptospirillum ferrooxidans | -Platinum mesh - +0.1 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Fe(II)-mediated |
Matsumoto et al. (2000) |
| Sporomusa ovata | -Graphite stick - –0.4 V (vs. SHE) |
-Direct electron transfer -Acetate and 2-oxobutyrate produced |
Nevin et al. (2010) |
| A. ferrooxidans | -Graphite felt - –0.0 V (vs. SCE) |
-Direct electron transfer -Current density: 5 A m-2 |
Carbajosa et al. (2010) |
|
Clostridium aceticum Clostridium ljungdahlii Moorella thermoacetica Sporomusa silvacetica Sporomusa sphaeroides |
-Graphite stick - –0.4 V (vs. SHE) |
-Direct electron transfer -Acetate, 2-oxobutyrate and formate produced |
Nevin et al. (2011) |
| Ralstonia eutropha | -Indium foil - –1.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Formate-mediated -Biofuels produced |
Li et al. (2012) |
| Mixed community | -Graphite fiber brush/carbon rod/graphite plate - –0.439 V or –0.539 V (vs. SHE) |
-Current density: 52 mA m-2 (Graphite plate) -Power density: 83 mWm-2 (graphite plate) |
Pisciotta et al. (2012) |
| Mixed community | -Graphite granule - –0.59 V (vs. SHE) |
-Acetate, methane, and H2 produced -Acetate production: >4 mM d-1 |
Marshall et al. (2012) |
| Nitrosomonas europaea | -Nickel, glassy carbon, or copper -Multiple potentials |
-Ammonia-mediated -Multi-reactors system |
Khunjar et al. (2012) |
| Geobacter sulfurreducens | -Stainless steel - –0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Direct electron transfer -Current density: 30 A m-2 |
Soussan et al. (2013) |
| S. ovata | -Modified carbon cloth - –0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Direct electron transfer -Best cathode modification: chitosan -Current density: 475 mA m-2 -Acetate production: 229 mM d-1 m-2 |
Zhang et al. (2013) |
| S. ovata | -Graphite plate |
-Powered by sulfide/sulfur bioanode (0.3 V vs. SHE) -Acetate production: 49.9 mmol d-1 m-2 |
Gong et al. (2013) |
| Mariprofundus ferrooxydans | -Graphite —0.076 V (vs. SHE) |
-Direct electron transfer -Cell-normalized electrode oxidation rate: 0.075 pmol electrons cell-1 h-1 |
Summers et al. (2013) |
| Mixed community | -Carbon felt - –1.15 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Methane and acetate produced -Acetate production: 94.73 mg d-1 |
Jiang et al. (2013) |
| Mixed community | -Graphite granule - –0.59 V (vs. SHE) |
-Acetate, H2, formate, butyrate, and propionate produced -Acetate production: 17.25 mM d-1 |
Marshall et al. (2013) |
| S. ovata | -Nickel nanowires anchored to graphite - –0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Direct electron transfer -Acetate production: 282 mM d-1 m-2 |
Nie et al. (2013) |
| Mixed community | -Carbon fiber rod - –0.4 V (vs. SHE) |
-Direct electron transfer -Acetate, ethanol, 1-butanol, propionate, butyrate, and H2 produced -Current density: 34 mA m-2 |
Zaybak et al. (2013) |
| Rhodopseudomonas palustris | -Graphite rod -+0.1 V (vs. SHE) |
-Light-driven -Current density: 1.5 μA cm-2 |
Bose et al. (2014) |
| Mixed community | -Graphite felt |
-Cobalt reduction -Methane and acetate produced |
Huang et al. (2014) |
| Mixed community | -Graphite plate modified with NanoWeb-RVC - –0.85 V (vs. SHE) |
-Current density: 3.7 mA cm-2 -Acetate production: 1.3 mM d-1 cm-2 |
Jourdin et al. (2014) |
| R. palustris | -Carbon cloth - –0.22 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) |
-Fe(II)-mediated -Light-driven -Multi-reactor system -Current density: 7.2 μA ml-1 |
Doud and Angenent (2014) |
| Mixed community | -Graphite granule - –0.6 to –0.8 V (vs. SHE) |
-Acidic pH -Acetate, H2, and formate produced -Acetate production: 51.6 mM d-1 (–0.8 V) -High H2 production |
LaBelle et al. (2014) |