Figure 6.

Autophagy limits palmitate (PA)-induced inflammatory cytokine expression. Mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pre-treated with or without 3-methyladenine (3-MA) (10 mM) or SP600125 [c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, 10 μM] for 1 h, followed by treatment with PA (0.5 mM) for 12 h. (A-D) mRNA expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were analyzed by qPCR. (E and F) Western blot analysis and quantification of protein expression was performed using LC3 antibodies. Data are presented as the means ± SEM of 3 to 5 separate experiments. ^*P<0.05 vs. control group (0.5% BSA); ^#P<0.05 vs. PA-treated group.