Table 2.
Six-month differences for recovery groups
| Psychological Measure | Recovered (n = 14) | Not Recovered (n = 97) | p-value † |
|---|---|---|---|
| FABQ-PA | 5.1 ± 5.7 (3.0) | 12.5 ± 6.7 (13.0) | <.001* |
| FABQ-W | 4.2 ± 5.6 (2.0) | 12.5 ± 13.1 (9.0) | .022 |
| PCS | 6.1 ± 10.1 (0.5) | 11.6 ± 11.5 (8.0) | .097 |
| TSK-11 | 13.8 ± 4.8 (11.0) | 24.0 ± 7.1 (23.0) | <.001* |
| PHQ-9 | 0.1 ± 0.3 (0.0) | 4.8 ± 4.8 (3.0) | <.001* |
All values are reported as mean ± standard deviation and (median) estimates. (†) indicates significance level for recovery status comparisons using independent samples t-tests; an alpha level of 0.01 was used for all analyses. (*) indicates p < 0.01.
Abbreviations: FABQ-PA Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (physical activity scale), FABQ-W Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (work scale), PCS Pain Catastrophizing Scale, TSK-11 Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (11-item version), PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire (9-item version).