Table 5.
Comparison of fresh-fracture patients who healed with LIPUS to patients who did not heal
| Healed (± SD) | N or % | Failed (± SD) | N or % | Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient age (years) | 43.2 (±18.1) | 4,000 | 47.7 (±16.7) | 157 | 0.0009 |
| Weight (lb) | 170.4 (±43.1) | 3,166 | 173.9 (±41.9) | 130 | NS |
| Height (in) | 67.9 (±4.7) | 3,181 | 67.0 (±4.4) | 128 | NS |
| Body-mass index | 25.8 (±5.5) | 3,150 | 26.9 (±5.8) | 128 | NS |
| Days-to-treatment (mean) | 38.3 (±24.3) | 4,013 | 47.1 (±27.3) | 157 | 0.0001 |
| Days-on-treatment (mean) | 115.6 (±83.1) | 4,032 | 193.0 (±119.7) | 158 | <0.0001 |
| Female (vs. male) (%)** | 1,674 (vs. 2,356) | 41.5% | 71 (vs. 85) | 45.5% | NS |
| Open (vs. closed fracture) (%)** | 669 (vs. 3,212) | 17.2% | 41 (vs. 108) | 27.5% | 0.002 |
| Number of prior procedures (mean) | 1.4 (±0.8) | 950 | 1.6 (±1.2) | 41 | NS |
| Number of comorbidities (mean) | 1.4 (±0.7) | 727 | 1.4 (±0.5) | 36 | NS |
| Number of medications (mean) | 0.4 (±0.7) | 2,639 | 0.7 (±0.9) | 108 | 0.003 |
| Smoking years (mean) | 5.0 (±10.6) | 3,062 | 7.2 (±11.8) | 121 | NS |
This approach should be very sensitive to risk factors that increase the risk of treatment failure. The p values shown are from T-tests, except for comparisons with an asterisk (**), which were tested using Fischer’s exact test because they are dichotomous variables.