Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients in this study
| Characteristics | Total (n=40) | BAV (n=15) | TAV (n=25) | P-value |
| Age (year) | 75.7±5.5 | 75.4±5.7 | 75.8±5.5 | 0.81 |
| Men | 26 (65.0%) | 9 (60.0%) | 17 (68.0%) | 0.61 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4±3.4 | 23.6±4.8 | 21.7±3.1 | 0.32 |
| Hypertension | 19 (47.5%) | 5 (33.3%) | 14 (56.0%) | 0.17 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (7.5%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (12.0%) | 0.44 |
| Coronary artery disease | 12 (30.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0.48 |
| Previous MI | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
| Previous CABG | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
| Previous PCI | 6 (15.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | 3 (12.0%) | 0.82 |
| Previous valve surgery | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
| Previous pacemaker/ICD implantation | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
| Cerebral vascular disease | 2 (5.0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0.52 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 6 (15.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | 4 (16.0%) | 1.00 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (7.5%) | 1 (6.7%) | 2 (8.0%) | 1.00 |
| COPD | 8 (20.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | 4 (16.0%) | 0.68 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency (eGFR<60 ml/min) | 16 (40.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | 12 (48.0%) | 0.18 |
| Pulmonary hypertension (SPAP>60 mmHg) | 5 (12.5%) | 2 (13.3%) | 3 (12.0%) | 1.00 |
| Malignancy | 4 (10.0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (16.0%) | 0.28 |
| NYHA class III–IV | 34 (85.0%) | 13 (86.7%) | 21 (84.0%) | 1.00 |
| Logistic EuroSCORE (%) | 19.6±13.6 | 16.1±11.1 | 21.8±14.7 | 0.22 |
| STS score (%) | 7.1±5.2 | 5.6±4.1 | 7.5±5.9 | 0.18 |
| LVEF (%) | 51.0±12.5 | 51.1±12.6 | 51.0±12.7 | 0.90 |
| LVEF<40% | 9 (22.5%) | 3 (20.0%) | 6 (24.0%) | 1.00 |
| Aortic-valve area (cm2) | 0.54±0.15 | 0.47±0.13 | 0.59±0.14 | 0.02 |
| Aortic-valve gradient (mmHg) | 58.0±16.8 | 64.1±19.5 | 54.3±14.2 | 0.08 |
| Peak velocity (m/s) | 4.9±0.7 | 5.1±0.8 | 4.9±0.6 | 0.29 |
| AR (0–4) | 2.2±0.8 | 1.8±0.9 | 2.4±0.7 | 0.01 |
| AR>2 | 15 (37.5%) | 2 (13.3%) | 13 (52.0%) | 0.01 |
| Mitral regurgitation (0–4) | 2.3±0.6 | 2.3±0.7 | 2.2±0.6 | 0.32 |
| Mean annulus diameter, CT-measured (mm) | 24.6±2.4 | 24.7±1.8 | 24.6±2.7 | 0.96 |
| Short-axis annulus size, CT-measured (mm) | 21.5±2.3 | 21.8±1.9 | 21.3±2.5 | 0.58 |
| Long-axis annulus size, CT-measured (mm) | 27.6±3.1 | 27.7±3.1 | 27.5±3.2 | 0.87 |
| Ascending aorta diameter, CT-measured (mm) | 37.9±4.7 | 40.4±4.4 | 36.4±4.3 | 0.01 |
Data are expressed as mean±SD or number (percentage), except P-values. BAV: bicuspid aortic valve; TAV: tricuspid aortic valve; BMI: body mass index; MI: myocardial infarction; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; ICD: implantable cardioverter defibrillator; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; SPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure; NYHA: New York Heart Association; STS: Society of Thoracic Surgeons; LVEF: left ventricular ejective fraction; AR: aortic regurgitation