Table 3. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with increased odds of cerebral malaria.
| Variable | N | Bivariate OR (95% CI) | p-value | Multivariate OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urine BH4 | 100 | 0.34 (0.19–0.60) | <0.001 | 0.26 (0.13–0.51) | <0.001 |
| Urine BH2 | 100 | 1.91 (0.99–3.68) | 0.053 | 3.38 (1.24–9.21) | 0.018 |
| Phenylalanine | 111 | 1.78 (0.89–3.55) | 0.101 | — | >0.05 A |
| PfHRP-2 | 106 | 1.26 (1.03–1.53) | 0.024 | — | >0.05 |
| Hemoglobin | 116 | 0.73 (0.60–0.89) | 0.001 | — | >0.05 A |
| Bicarbonate | 79 | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 0.480 | — | — B |
| Respiratory Rate | 118 | 1.07 (1.04–1.17) | 0.001 | 1.10 (1.05–1.17) | <0.001 |
| Weight | 118 | 1.09 (0.98–1.21) | 0.106 | 1.19 (1.02–1.39) | 0.026 |
| Age | 118 | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.038 | — | >0.05 A |
| Sex | 118 | 1.67 (0.79–3.54) | 0.181 | — | — B |
| Last meal | 118 | 0.99 (0.94–1.07) | 0.99 | — | >0.05 A |
CI = confidence intervals
BH4 = tetrahydrobiopterin
BH2 = dihydrobiopterin
PfHRP-2 = P. falciparum histidine-rich protein-2
Note: Phenylalanine, Urine BH4, Urine BH2 and PfHRP-2 were log-transformed to enable regression analysis. Number of observations included in multivariate model was 96.
A = included in multivariate logistic regression analysis, but not retained in the final model due to p-value > 0.05 in multivariate analysis.
B = not included in multivariate logistic regression analysis because of non-significance in bivariate logistic regression analysis.