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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2015 Jan 13;128:356–365. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.01.011

Table 2.

Differences in Measurement and Functional Form across Four Simulation Exercises

Variable Grouping
 Functional Form
DGP HAPC-CCREM DGP HAPC-CCREM
Age Effects continuous continuous quadratic quadratic
Simulation 1 Period Effects 27 1-year 27 1-year none functional free
Cohort Effects 13 7-year 18 5-year exact linear functional free
Age Effects continuous continuous quadratic quadratic
Simulation 2 Period Effects 27 1-year 27 1-year none functional free
Cohort Effects 14 7-year 19 5-year near linear functional free
Age Effects continuous continuous quadratic quadratic
Simulation 3 Period Effects 27 1-year 27 1-year none functional free
Cohort Effects 34 3-year 19 5-year near linear functional free
Age Effects continuous continuous quadratic quadratic
Simulation 4 Period Effects 27 1-year 27 1-year monotonic increase functional free
Cohort Effects 13 7-year 18 5-year functional free functional free

Note: Simulations 1 and 4 are strict interpretations of Reither et al. (2009), who collapsed 1877–1899 into a single cohort to ensure a sufficient number of participants in this group. Simulations 2 and 3 relax this slightly by introducing an additional cohort prior to 1900 to improve the consistency of cohort widths.