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Atomic volume, relative to a site in bulk Cu (which has a volume of 11.8063 Å3), assocated with atomic sites at the (a–b) Σ11 symmetric tilt, (c–d) Σ11 asymmetric tilt, (e–f) Σ5 twist, and (g–h) Σ45 GBs. As indicated in the scale bar, red corresponds to larger atomic volumes and blue to lower atomic volumes. Panels a, c, e, and g are side views of the boundary plane while b, d, f, and h are top views.
