FIGURE 3.
Integrin α1β1 protects against diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance. GTTs were performed on chow- and HF-fed itga1+/+ and itga1−/− mice. Arterial glucose (A and C) and insulin (B and D) levels were measured during the GTTs (n = 5–7/group). Arterial glucose levels (E) and glucose infusion rates (F) were measured during the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic (insulin) clamp (n = 5–6/group). Mice were fasted for 5 h prior to the start of the insulin clamp. Blood glucose levels were maintained between 150 and 160 mg/dl during steady state (80–120 min). Glucose (50%) was infused to maintain euglycemia. Endogenous glucose production (EndoRa; G) and whole-body disappearance rates (Rd; H) were determined during the steady-state period of the insulin clamp. Data are presented as means ± S.E. *, p < 0.05 compared with the basal measurement in HF-fed itga1+/+ mice; §, p < 0.05 compared with HF-fed itga1+/+ mice during the insulin clamp.