Table 1.
Summary of effects of microbial volatiles on plants, bacteria, and fungi.
| Phylum | Species | Effective on | Effect | Molecule(s) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | Serratia marcescens MG-1 | Fungi and plants | Growth inhibition | N.d. | Vespermann et al. (2007) |
| Bacteria | Stenotrophomanas maltophilia R3089 | Fungi and plants | Growth inhibition | N.d. | Vespermann et al. (2007) |
| Bacteria | Stenotrophomanas rhizospehila P69 | Fungi and plants | Growth inhibition | N.d. | Vespermann et al. (2007) |
| Bacteria | Pseudomanas aeruginosa PAO1, PAO14, Tb, TBCF10839, and PUPa3 | Plants | Growth inhibition | HCN | Blom et al. (2011) |
| Bacteria | Pseudomanas trivialis 3Re2-7 | Plants | Growth inhibition | N.d. | Vespermann et al. (2007) |
| Bacteria | Serratia odorifera | Plants | Growth inhibition | Sodorifen | Vespermann et al. (2007) |
| Bacteria | Serratia plymuthica 3Re4-18, HRO-C48, IC14 | Plants | Growth inhibition | N.d. | Vespermann et al. (2007), Blom et al. (2011) |
| Bacteria | Pseudomanas fluorescens A112 | Plants | Growth inhibition (shoot and root) | N.d. | Åström and Gerhardson (1989) |
| Bacteria | Rhizosphere strains (more than 42 strains predominantly from Burkholderia genus) | Plants | Growth inhibition or promotion (dose dependent) | N.d. | Blom et al. (2011) |
| Bacteria | Rhizosphere strains (isolated from rhizosphere of lemon plants) L263, L266, L272a, L254, L265a, and L265b | Plants | Growth promoting and modulation of root architecture | Volatile mixture | Gutierrez-Luna et al. (2010) |
| Bacteria | Arthobacter agilis UMCV2 | Plants | Growth promotion | N,N-dimethyl-hexadecanamine | Velazquez-Becerra et al. (2011) |
| Bacteria | Bacillus megaterium XTBG34 | Plants | Growth promotion | 2-Penthylfuran | Zou et al. (2010) |
| Bacteria | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IN937a | Plants | Growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) | 2,3-Butanediol; acetoin | Ryu et al. (2003, 2004) |
| Bacteria | Bacillus subtilis GBO3 | Plants | Growth promotion and ISR | 2,3-Butanediol; acetoin | Ryu et al. (2003, 2004) |
| Bacteria | Pseudomanas chlororaphis O6 | Plants | Growth promotion, ISR, and drought stress tolerant | 2,3-Butanediol | Han et al. (2006), Cho et al. (2008) |
| Fungi | Muscodor yucatanensis | Fungi and plants | Allelochemical effects against other endophytic fungi, phytopathogenic fungi, and plants | Mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) | Macias-Rubalcava et al. (2010) |
| Fungi | Muscodor albus | Fungi and bacteria | Collectively they acted synergistically to kill a broad range of plant- and human-pathogenic fungi and bacteria | Isoamyl acetate | Strobel et al. (2011) |
| Fungi | Muscodor crispans | Fungi and bacteria | Effective against a wide range of plant pathogens, including the fungi Pythium ultimum, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Mycosphaerella fijiensis (the black sigatoka pathogen of bananas), and the serious bacterial pathogen of citrus, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. In addition, the VOCs of M. crispans killed several human pathogens, including Yersinia pestis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Staphylococcus aureus. | Mixture of volatile compounds | Mitchell et al. (2010) |
| Fungi | Tuber melanosporum, Tuber indicum, and Tuber borchii (truffles) | Plants | Growth inhibition | 2-Octenal | Splivallo et al. (2007) |
| Fungi | Trichoderma virens | Fungi and plants | Growth promotion and induction of defense responses of Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea | β-Caryophyllene; β-elemene; germacrene D; δ-cadinene | Angel Contreras-Cornejo et al. (2014) |
| Fungi | Mold fungi | Plants | Induced defense and protection against Botrytis cinerea | 1-Octen-3-ol | Kishimoto et al. (2007) |
| Fungi | Fusarium oxysporum MSA 35 | Plants | Induced shoot length, root length, and fresh weight of lettuce seedlings | β-Caryophyllene | Minerdi et al. (2011) |
| Fungi | Phomopsis sp. | Fungi | Possess antifungal properties and an artificial mixture of the VOCs mimicked the antibiotic effects of this organism with the greatest bioactivity against a wide range of plant pathogenic test fungi including: Pythium, Phytophthora, Sclerotinia, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Botrytis, Verticillium, and Colletotrichum. | Sabinene; isoamyla alcohol; 2-methyl propanol; 2-propanone | Singh et al. (2011) |
| Fungi | Trametes gibbosa | Fungi | Serves as attractant for fungus eating beetles | 1-Octen-3-ol | Thakeow et al. (2008) |
| Fungi | Trametes versicolor | Fungi | Serves as attractant for fungus eating beetles | γ-Patchoulene; δ-cadinene; isoledene; β-guaiene | Drilling and Dettner (2009) |
| Fungi | Phoma sp. | Fungi | The volatiles of Phoma sp. possess antifungal and fuel properties | Unique mixture of VOCs, including a series of sesquiterpenoids, some alcohols, and several reduced naphthalene derivatives. | Strobel et al. (2011) |
| Fungi | Muscodor albus | Fungi and bacteria | Volatile mixture were effectively used to control postharvest plant diseases | 2-Methyl butanol; isobutyric acid | Mercier and Jimenez (2004) |
N.d., not determined.