Table 8.
Changes in urinalysis parameters after the daily intake of placebo or rosehip
| Standardrange | Group | W0
|
W8
|
W12
|
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| − | ± | + | − | ± | + | − | ± | + | |||||||||
| Urine protein | (−)–(±) | Placebo | 15 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Rosehip | 15 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| Urine glucose | (−)–(±) | Placebo | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Rosehip | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| Urobilinogen | (±) | Placebo | 0 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | ||||||
| Rosehip | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | ||||||||
| Bilirubin | (−) | Placebo | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Rosehip | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| Ketone body | (−) | Placebo | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Rosehip | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| − | ± | + | 2+ | 3+ | − | ± | + | 2+ | 3+ | − | ± | + | 2+ | 3+ | |||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Occult blood | (−) | Placebo | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Rosehip | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
|
| |||||||||||||||||
| Specific gravity | 1.008–1.034 | Placebo | 1.0161 | ±0.0078 | 1.0159± | 0.0086 | 1.0149 | ±0.0088 | |||||||||
| Rosehip | 1.0159 | ±0.0063 | 1.0171± | 0.0076 | 1.0171 | ±0.0062 | |||||||||||
| pH | 4.8–7.5 | Placebo | 6.13±0.89 | 6.34±0.94 | 5.91±0.71 | ||||||||||||
| Rosehip | 6.13±0.72 | 6.41±0.93 | 6.28±0.88 | ||||||||||||||
Notes: Urine protein, urine glucose, urobilinogen, bilirubin, ketone body, and occult blood: Values indicate the numbers of subjects. The symbols indicate the degree of each item: −, negative; ±, false-positive; +, positive (mild); 2+, positive (moderate); 3+, positive (serious). Specific gravity, pH: values represent the mean ± SD. There were no significant differences between the groups.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; W0, start of the intake; W8, 8th week; W12, 12th week.