Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of successful ECPR group and univariate analysis for factors associated with good and poor CPC groups
| Overall | Good CPC group | Poor CPC group | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58.0 (45.0-66.0) | 58.0 (44.0-66.0) | 58.5 (44.5-69.5) | 0.32 |
| Gender: Male (%) | 80 (70) | 47 (69) | 33 (70) | 0.90 |
| Height (cm) | 164.5 (157.0-170.0) | 168.0 (157.0-173.0) | 163.0 (155.5-169.5) | 0.59 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.0 (55.1-69.7) | 62.0 (54.9-71.0) | 63.2 (55.9-69.6) | 0.82 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| DM (%) | 51 (44) | 30 (44) | 21 (45) | 0.95 |
| HTN (%) | 45 (39) | 27 (40) | 18 (38) | 0.88 |
| Smoking (%) | 49 (43) | 29 (43) | 20 (43) | 0.99 |
| CKD (%) | 8 (7) | 6 (9) | 2 (4) | 0.47 |
| PAOD (%) | 4 (4) | 2 (3) | 2 (4) | 0.71 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 11 (10) | 8 (12) | 3 (6) | 0.52 |
| Acute coronary syndrome | 44 (38) | 30 (44) | 14(30) | 0.12 |
| STEMI (%) | 22 (19) | 17 (25) | 5 (11) | |
| NSTEMI (%) | 18 (16) | 9 (13) | 9 (19) | |
| Unstable angina (%) | 4 (4) | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | |
| Location of arrest | ||||
| In hospital (%) | 96 (83) | 61 (90) | 35 (75) | |
| Out of hospital (%) | 19 (17) | 7 (10) | 12 (26) | 0.03 |
| Location of ECMO insertion | ||||
| Intensive care unit | 48 (42) | 29 (43) | 19 (40) | 0.81 |
| Catheterization laboratory room | 44 (38) | 27 (40) | 17 (36) | 0.70 |
| Emergency room | 14 (12) | 7 (10) | 7 (15) | 0.46 |
| Operating room | 7 (6) | 5 (7) | 2 (4) | 0.70 |
| General ward | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | 0.82 |
| Bystander CPR (%) | 9 (8) | 6 (9) | 3 (6) | 0.74 |
| Therapeutic hypothermia (%) | 9 (8) | 5 (7) | 4 (9) | 0.82 |
| Shockable rhythm (VF/VT) (%) | 48 (42) | 33 (49) | 15 (32) | 0.08 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| Hemoglobin before ECMO (g/dL) | 11.9 (10.3-14.3) | 11.9 (10.2-14.8) | 10.7 (9.2-12.3) | 0.07 |
| Hemoglobin after ECMO (g/dL) | 10.4 (9.2-12.9) | 10.0 (8.6-12.4) | 9.7 (8.6-12.2) | 0.13 |
| T-bil (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.6-1.5) | 0.8 (0.6-1.5) | 0.9 (0.7-1.2) | 0.60 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 17.4 (12.5-24.6) | 16.9 (13.8-28.0) | 17.0 (11.4-22.1) | 0.74 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 1.1 (0.9-1.5) | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) | 1.2 (0.9-1.7) | 0.65 |
| Lactic acid (mmol/L) | 8.5 (4.4-13.2) | 8.0 (3.9-11.7) | 13.6 (6.7-16.5) | 0.002 |
| CPR duration (min) | 23.0 (15.0-41.0) | 19.0 (15.0-28.0) | 29.0 (21.0-51.0) | 0.01 |
| ROSC before ECMO insertion (%) | 50 (44) | 31 (46) | 19 (40) | 0.54 |
| ROSC time (min) | 0 (0–5.0) | 0 (0–11.0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.54 |
| Interval from cardiac arrest to ECMO (min) | 34.0 (20.0-53.0) | 24.5 (18.0-36.0) | 40.0 (25.0-60.0) | 0.01 |
ECPR, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CPC, cerebral performance category; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; CKD, chronic kidney disease; PAOD, peripheral arterial occlusive disease; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; VF, ventricular fibrillation; VT, ventricular tachycardia; Hb, hemoglobin; T-bil, total bilirubin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Cr, creatinine; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation.