Table 2.
Definition and incidence of (in)appropriate antibiotic therapy in the reviewed studies
| Reference | Appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy | Inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspects of appropriate antibiotic therapy | Aspects of inappropriate antibiotic therapy | ||||||||||||||||||
| Definition | According to the culture | Timing | Dose | According to guidelines | Route | Indication | Duration | No known contraindication | Frequency | Number of items | Definition | Intermediate or full in vitro resistance | Timing | Omission | Indication | Route | Number of items | % IAAT | |
| Kim et al. [21]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 3 | N | 76.38 | ||||||
| Kang et al. [12]a | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | 3 | 52.80 | ||||||||||
| Micek et al. [33]a | N | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | 2 | 24.59 | ||||||||||
| Luna et al. [34] | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | 2 | 68.42 |
| Kim et al. [8] | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 3 | N | 49.16 | ||||||
| Scarsi et al. [22]a | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | 4 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | 2 | 14.14 |
| Marschall et al. [36]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | 2 | 31.6 |
| Shorr et al. [37]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | N | 76.98 | ||||||
| Rodriguez-Bano et al. [38]a | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 4 | N | 78.95 | ||||||
| Ammerlaan et al. [39]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 3 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 5 | 28.14 |
| Erbay et al. [19]a | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | 5 | N | 58.25 | ||||||
| Kumar et al. [40]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | 2 | 19.88 |
| Tseng et al. [41]a | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | 2 | Y | Y | N | N | Y | N | 2 | 49.26 |
| Micek et al. [42]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | 4 | N | 31.32 | ||||||
| Paul et al. [43]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | N | 67.06 | ||||||
| Joung et al. [44]a | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | N | 4 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | 2 | 57.76 |
| Shorr et al. [45] | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | 3 | 31.30 | ||||||||||
| Suppli et al. [46]a | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | 7 | N | 25.51 | ||||||
| Reisfeld et al. [47]a | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | Y | 3 | N | 39.95 | ||||||
| Wilke et al. [48]a | Y | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | 1 | N | 51.58 | ||||||
| Lye et al. [50]a | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | 3 | N | 43.56 | ||||||
| Tseng et al. [51] | Y | N | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | N | 1 | N | 56.44 | ||||||
| Chen et al. [52] | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | N | 38.98 | ||||||
| Labelle et al. [54]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 2 | N | 51.88 | ||||||
| Chen et al. [55] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | 5 | N | 27.21 | ||||||
| Frakking et al. [56]a | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Y | N | N | 3 | N | 63.36 | ||||||
| Tumbarello et al. [57]a | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | 1 | 50.91 | ||||||||||
| Total | 23 | 21 | 17 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 1 | |||
aIncluded in the meta-analysis. IAAT, inappropriate antibiotic therapy; N, no; Y, yes.