Table 2.
Immune changes after 30 days of daily TDF/FTC therapy and after 30 days in “wash out” period (day 60).
| Baseline | ANOVA P value | Day 30 | P value* | Day 60 | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| %HLA-DR+/CD38+ CD4+ | 2.61 (2.10 to 3.24) | 0.25 | 2.11 (1.64–2.70) | - | 2.13 (1.64 to 2.76) | - |
| %HLA-DR+/CD38+ CD8+ | 3.97 (2.98 to 5.29) | 0.02 | 2.71 (2.01 to 3.66) | 0.03 | 2.41 (1.65 to 3.53) | 0.008§ |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | 1.88 (1.55 to 2.29) | 0.37 | 2.00 (1.65 to 2.44) | - | 1.74 (1.40 to 2.15) | - |
| IFN-γ(pg/ml) | 0.76 (0.48 to 1.20) | 0.93 | 0.73 (0.49 to 1.09) | - | 0.81 (0.50 to 1.32) | - |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 8.21 (6.74 to 10.02) | 0.26 | 8.32 (6.84 to 10.13) | - | 7.38 (5.77 to 9.43) | - |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 1.04 (0.75 to 1.45) | 0.48 | 0.88 (0.69 to 1.13) | - | 0.83 (0.58 to 1.18) | - |
| sCD27 (pg/ml) | 184.1 (163.4 to 207.6) | 0.001 | 184.1 (165.9 to 204.2) | 0.98 | 168.4 (149.3 to 190) | 0.001§ |
| sCD14 (mcg/ml) | 1.63 (1.51 to 1.74) | 0.06 | 1.51 (1.38 to 1.64) | - | 1.51 (1.42 to 1.61) | - |
| hs-CRP (mcg/ml) | 1.91 (1.25 to 2.92) | 0.16 | 1.24 (0.76 to 2.00) | - | 1.59 (0.95 to 2.66) | - |
| Uric Acid (mg/dl) | 4.30 (3.38 to 5.48) | 0.79 | 4.00 (3.09 to 5.17) | - | 4.45 (3.51 to 5.64) | - |
Data are geometric mean (95% CI). Cytokines, soluble markers, hs-CRP and uric acid available in N=18 participants.
*
Compared to baseline, only results with a significant ANOVA P values are reported. Statistical tests were conducted on loge transformed data.
§
Remained significant after Bonferroni correction. Abbreviations: TDF/FTC, tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate/emtricitabine; IL-10, interleukin-10; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; IL-6, interleukin-6; sCD27, plasma soluble CD27; sCD14, plasma soluble CD14; hs-CRP, highly-sensitive C-reactive protein.