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. 2015 Mar 13;11(3):e1005075. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005075

Fig 5. PKN1 E216K mutation prevented muscle differentiation in C2C12 mouse myoblasts.

Fig 5

(a) C2C12 cells were transduced with viral constructs containing either empty vector (pBabe), wild type PKN1 (HA-PKN1 wt) or PKN1 E216 mutant (HA-PKN1 E216K). Immunofluorescence performed for myosin heavy chain showed a striking arrest of terminal muscle differentiation. The size bar represents 400um. (b) Quantitation of the observed phenotype showed a significant decrease myosin heavy chain positive cells when PKN1 E216K is expressed. (c) Immunoblot demonstrating expression of HA tagged wild type and mutant PKN1. (d) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of gene expression profiles demonstrated that PKN1 E216K mutant activated YAP1 target genes as well as cancer invasion-associated genes; while repressed muscle differentiation program in the myoblasts.