Table 1.
Expression levels of myelin genes, astrocyte and inflammation markers in MS lesions and their fold-changes in demyelinated inactive versus remyelinated lesions
| Gene name | CWM | Remyelinated | Demyelinated | Active | Re/CWM | Re/De | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Ratio | p | Ratio | p | |
| Myelin proteins | ||||||||||||
| CNP | 333.38 | 75.99 | 539.31 | 253.33 | 50.77 | 20.00 | 228.49 | 77.20 | 1.62 | 0.48 | 10.62 | 0.0095 |
| MAG | 57.21 | 10.00 | 65.82 | 11.80 | 11.57 | 6.28 | 43.18 | 4.67 | 1.15 | 0.76 | 5.69 | 0.019 |
| MBP | 40.84 | 7.40 | 41.85 | 13.02 | 6.91 | 2.49 | 107.43 | 83.98 | 1.02 | 0.76 | 6.06 | 0.0095 |
| MOBP | 350.12 | 84.65 | 422.56 | 164.85 | 34.10 | 18.05 | 316.04 | 145.56 | 1.21 | 0.91 | 12.39 | 0.0095 |
| MOG | 61.33 | 15.60 | 90.21 | 13.05 | 10.87 | 5.26 | 50.26 | 14.17 | 1.47 | 0.26 | 8.30 | 0.0095 |
| OMG | 48.67 | 13.67 | 86.83 | 32.00 | 13.87 | 4.27 | 20.85 | 4.88 | 1.78 | 0.35 | 6.26 | 0.019 |
| PLP1 | 2239.24 | 486.85 | 3434.69 | 397.98. | 400.80 | 143.30 | 1917.75 | 252.49 | 1.53 | 0.11 | 8.57 | 0.0095 |
| Astrocyte and inflammation markers | ||||||||||||
| GFAP | 890.74 | 123.37 | 2713.08 | 451.88 | 4715.80 | 1637.94 | 11466.90 | 9726.52 | 3.05 | 0.010 | 0.58 | 0.91 |
| CD68 | 5.57 | 0.68 | 11.24 | 1.00 | 12.07 | 3.67 | 62.60 | 33.16 | 2.02 | 0.010 | 0.93 | 1 |
| HLA-DRA | 21.83 | 6.34 | 29.63 | 8.83 | 20.66 | 4.05 | 79.79 | 7.09 | 1.36 | 0.48 | 1.43 | 0.35 |
| IL1B | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.33 | 0.12 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.71 | 1 |
| IL10 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.24 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.71 | 0.40 | 1.82 | 0.26 | 3.29 | 0.040 |
| TNFSF13B (BAFF) | 0.71 | 0.17 | 2.04 | 0.64 | 0.95 | 0.27 | 2.88 | 1.10 | 2.88 | 0.067 | 2.15 | 0.26 |
| TGFB1 | 5.32 | 0.99 | 12.68 | 2.10 | 15.03 | 6.22 | 106.86 | 97.86 | 2.38 | 0.010 | 0.84 | 1 |
| TGFB2 | 2.02 | 0.16 | 5.08 | 0.86 | 7.35 | 2.66 | 5.36 | 0.63 | 2.52 | 0.010 | 0.69 | 0.76 |
| TGFB3 | 4.73 | 0.70 | 9.75 | 4.75 | 3.09 | 0.77 | 8.10 | 5.37 | 2.06 | 0.35 | 3.15 | 0.067 |
CWM: Control white matter, Remyelinated: Remyelinated lesion, Demyelinated: Demyelinated inactive lesion, Active: Demyelinated active lesion, Re/CWM and De/Re ratio: Remyelinated vs. control white matter and vs. demyelinated inactive lesions, respectively; p value were calculated by 2-sided U tests, unadjusted for multiple testing. p-values < 0.05 are printed in bold. Specimens analyzed: Six normal white matter specimens from 4 subjects, 6 demyelinated inactive lesions from 4 subjects, 4 demyelinated active lesions from 3 subjects, and 4 remyelinated lesions from 3 subjects were dissected and used for qPCR analysis. The mean expression values are given as % GAPDH; SEM denotes standard error of the mean.