Table 2.
Expression levels of genes potentially regulating oligodendrocytes and their fold-changes in demyelinated inactive versus remyelinated lesions
| Gene name | CWM | Remyelinated | Demyelinated | Active | Re/CWM | Re/De | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Ratio | p | Ratio | p | |
| PDGFs | ||||||||||||
| PDGFA | 19.38 | 2.59 | 31.78 | 10.91 | 15.45 | 4.47 | 51.82 | 34.22 | 1.64 | 0.61 | 2.06 | 0.26 |
| PDGFB | 1.23 | 0.28 | 1.71 | 0.30 | 6.79 | 2.91 | 31.65 | 29.42 | 1.39 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.48 |
| PDGFC | 0.52 | 0.09 | 1.45 | 0.47 | 1.19 | 0.48 | 2.56 | 1.69 | 2.78 | 0.038 | 1.22 | 0.61 |
| PDGFD | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.83 | 0.46 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 2.61 | 1.00 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
| FGFs | ||||||||||||
| FGF1 | 39.42 | 2.61 | 85.40 | 11.54 | 48.15 | 19.53 | 58.18 | 16.80 | 2.17 | 0.010 | 1.77 | 0.11 |
| FGF2 | 3.82 | 0.56 | 9.23 | 0.88 | 10.25 | 2.62 | 6.08 | 0.63 | 2.41 | 0.010 | 0.90 | 0.91 |
| FGF5 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00* | 0.15 | 0.00* | 0.15 |
| FGF8 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 16.25* | 0.74 | 2.69* | 0.72 |
| FGF9 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.87 | 0.53 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.44* | 0.71 | 0.02* | 0.066 |
| Semaphorins | ||||||||||||
| SEMA3A | 0.58 | 0.11 | 0.77 | 0.10 | 1.77 | 0.75 | 0.71 | 0.25 | 1.32 | 0.26 | 0.43 | 0.35 |
| SEMA3B | 6.33 | 1.73 | 10.48 | 4.21 | 2.82 | 1.50 | 5.37 | 3.57 | 1.66 | 0.61 | 3.72 | 0.11 |
| SEMA3C | 4.84 | 1.06 | 7.13 | 0.75 | 2.10 | 0.59 | 6.13 | 1.73 | 1.47 | 0.17 | 3.40 | 0.010 |
| SEMA3D | 0.55 | 0.09 | 2.18 | 0.57 | 1.08 | 0.37 | 0.85 | 0.23 | 3.94 | 0.019 | 2.02 | 0.11 |
| SEMA3E | 0.41 | 0.04 | 0.91 | 0.29 | 0.49 | 0.15 | 0.69 | 0.23 | 2.21 | 0.26 | 1.84 | 0.17 |
| SEMA3F | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 1.91 | 1.89 | 0.93* | 0.91 | 0.10* | 0.44 |
| SEMA3G | 0.23 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.06 | 0.54 | 0.31 | 1.18 | 0.98 | 0.68 | 0.48 | 0.30 | 0.91 |
| SEMA4A | 0.22 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.04 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.21 | 0.067 |
| SEMA4B | 2.63 | 0.31 | 8.90 | 2.16 | 8.46 | 3.46 | 18.31 | 14.74 | 3.39 | 0.010 | 1.05 | 0.48 |
| SEMA4C | 4.49 | 0.77 | 8.07 | 2.81 | 3.67 | 0.83 | 9.90 | 6.17 | 1.80 | 0.26 | 2.20 | 0.11 |
| SEMA4D | 16.61 | 3.51 | 24.36 | 7.25 | 4.72 | 2.38 | 23.80 | 11.36 | 1.47 | 0.61 | 5.16 | 0.019 |
| SEMA4F | 0.40 | 0.04 | 1.27 | 0.13 | 3.09 | 0.67 | 4.83 | 4.19 | 3.18 | 0.010 | 0.41 | 0.11 |
| SEMA4G | 0.35 | 0.07 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.48 | 0.28 | 0.89 | 0.43 | 1.26 | 0.61 | 0.91 | 0.59 |
| SEMA5A | 2.38 | 0.56 | 3.06 | 0.45 | 3.08 | 1.07 | 8.98 | 7.60 | 1.28 | 0.61 | 0.99 | 0.91 |
| SEMA5B | 0.45 | 0.09 | 0.78 | 0.18 | 2.34 | 0.52 | 1.32 | 0.53 | 1.72 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.11 |
| SEMA6A | 28.24 | 6.78 | 45.65 | 12.14 | 12.75 | 3.45 | 31.24 | 4.13 | 1.62 | 0.26 | 3.58 | 0.010 |
| SEMA6B | 0.73 | 0.18 | 1.95 | 0.78 | 9.90 | 4.74 | 31.22 | 30.80 | 2.67 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.17 |
| SEMA6C | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 1.53 | 0.28 | 0.54 | 0.83 |
| SEMA6D | 7.30 | 1.55 | 13.26 | 2.93 | 4.43 | 0.84 | 5.70 | 1.43 | 1.82 | 0.11 | 3.00 | 0.019 |
| SEMA7A | 2.85 | 0.75 | 3.91 | 0.35 | 0.93 | 0.50 | 2.99 | 1.56 | 1.37 | 0.48 | 4.22 | 0.019 |
| Chemokines | ||||||||||||
| CXCL1 | 0.18 | 0.07 | 1.18 | 0.32 | 4.46 | 3.25 | 1.30 | 1.04 | 6.51 | 0.019 | 0.27 | 0.76 |
| CXCL2 | 0.17 | 0.08 | 0.62 | 0.14 | 1.10 | 0.47 | 3.49 | 2.96 | 3.70 | 0.019 | 0.56 | 0.91 |
| CXCL8 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.51 | 0.19 | 0.71 | 0.15 | 0.52 | 0.42 | 2.22 | 0.26 | 0.71 | 0.61 |
| CXCL10 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.88 | 0.47 | 1.94* | 0.76 | 1.09 | 0.66 |
| CXCL12 | 2.51 | 0.37 | 3.65 | 0.70 | 30.09 | 23.06 | 24.58 | 16.09 | 1.45 | 0.35 | 0.12 | 0.76 |
| IL6 family | ||||||||||||
| CNTF | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.52 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.69 | 0.50 | 2.66 | 0.019 | 2.65* | 0.069 |
| CLCF1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.48 | 0.23 | 0.55 | 0.34 | 6.62* | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.83 |
| CTF1 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.82 | 0.29 | 1.66 | 1.36 | 2.59 | 0.17 | 0.54 | 0.61 |
| IL6 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.38 | 0.31 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 1.27 | 0.76 | 0.19 | 0.83 |
| IL11 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 5.11* | 1.00 | 1.63 | 0.91 |
| LIF | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.76 | 0.70 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 5.17* | 0.40 | 0.04 | 1 |
| IGFs | ||||||||||||
| IGF1 | 0.35 | 0.10 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.63 | 0.23 | 1.46 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.51 | 0.61 |
| IGF2 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 0.12 | 6.04 | 4.62 | 1.95 | 1.23 | 1.42 | 0.26 | 0.06 | 0.39 |
| Miscellaneous | ||||||||||||
| CTGF | 1.70 | 0.50 | 4.53 | 0.90 | 13.40 | 4.85 | 9.77 | 7.80 | 2.67 | 0.038 | 0.34 | 0.26 |
| FIGF | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.07 | 0.60 | 0.51 | 0.29 | 0.10 | 1.09 | 0.76 | 0.46 | 0.34 |
| HGF | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.37 | 0.12 | 0.31 | 0.14 | 0.99 | 0.40 | 3.05 | 0.26 | 1.17 | 0.45 |
| LINGO1 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.77 | 0.30 | 1.42 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.14 | 5.18 | 0.06 | 0.54 | 0.61 |
CWM: Control white matter, Remyelinated: Remyelinated lesion, Demyelinated: Demyelinated inactive lesion, Active: Demyelinated active lesion, Re/CWM and De/Re ratio: remyelinated vs. control white matter and vs. demyelinated inactive lesions, respectively; p value were calculated by 2-sided U tests, unadjusted for multiple testing. p-values < 0.05 are printed in bold. 0.00: Values were below our detection limit, which was 0.01% GAPDH. Specimens analyzed: 6 normal white matter specimens from 4 subjects, 6 demyelinated inactive lesions from 4 subjects, 4 demyelinated active lesions from 3 subjects, and 4 remyelinated lesions from 3 subjects were dissected and used for qPCR analysis. The mean expression values are given as % GAPDH; SEM denotes standard error of the mean. *Ratios may be imprecise since at least one value was below or close to the detection limit.