Fig. 4.

EC does not alter microglia/macrophage activation in aging mice. Representative micrographs show immunohistochemical anti-ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) staining in sections from WT and Nrf2^−/− mice treated with vehicle or EC. A and B: sections from vehicle-treated WT and Nrf2^−/− mice showed densely distributed cell populations, including large numbers of hypertrophic cells with thick processes that are characteristic of the activated phenotype throughout the ischemic cortex. There was no apparent difference in the number or expanse of activated cells between genotypes. C and D: cells with activated morphology were numerous throughout the ischemic regions of mice treated with EC, and these cells resembled those in vehicle-treated mice. Treatment with EC appeared to reduce the number of fully activated cells. E: quantification revealed no significant differences in Iba1 immunoreactivity between vehicle- and EC-treated WT or Nrf2^−/− mice. IPS/Cont, ratio of ipsilateral to contralateral immunoreactivity. Data are expressed as means ± SE. Scale bars = 200 μm.