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Reagents and conditions: (a) N2H4·H2O, EtOH, room temperature (rt); (b) i. di-tert-butylcarbazate, PPh3, THF, 0 °C; ii. HCl in dioxane, rt; (c) (E)-ethyl 2-cyano-3-ethoxyacrylate 5, EtOH, 80 °C; (d) CH3I, NaH, DMF, 0 °C to rt; (e) i. NaOH, EtOH/H2O, reflux; ii. AcOH, reflux; (f) BH3·Me2S, THF, rt.
