Table 1.
Characteristics of the 60 women with breast cancer in the interviews
| Black African N=20 |
Black Caribbean N=20 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All women (N=60) | First generation (n=16) | Second generation (n=4) | First generation (n=9) | Second generation (n=11) | White British N=20 (n=20) |
|
| Age years; mean (range) | 52 (30–91) | 47 (30–79) | 45 (43–46) | 65 (47–91) | 45 (41–57) | 55 (31–83) |
| Religion | ||||||
| Christian | 46 | 15 | 4 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| No religion | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| Other (Muslim and Buddhist) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 11 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| Cohabiting | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Married | 23 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 17 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| Employment (at time of interview) | ||||||
| Employed full-time | 25 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 |
| Employed part-time | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| Unemployed | 7 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Full-time homemaker | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Other (self-employed/student) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Retired | 10 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| Education | ||||||
| No formal education or GCSE/O Level/CSE | 17 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 6 |
| A-Levels or equivalent | 21 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
| Degree or equivalent | 16 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
| Other | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Time to presentation | ||||||
| Self-reported time between noticing a symptom and presenting to a HCP | ||||||
| <3 months | 46 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 17 |
| >3 months | 14 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Self-reported system time between presenting to HCP and being given results | ||||||
| <3 months | 53 | 12 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 20 |
| >3 months | 7 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Breast cancer type | ||||||
| Ductal carcinoma in situ | 25 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 8 |
| Invasive (or infiltrating) ductal carcinoma | 25 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| Invasive (or infiltrating) lobular carcinoma | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Inflammatory breast cancer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Triple-negative breast cancer | 7 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Staging (TNM)* | ||||||
| T1 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 17 |
| T2 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| T3 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| T4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| N0 | 35 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 15 |
| N1 | 16 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| N2 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| N3 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| M0 | 48 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 20 |
| M1 | 12 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Tumour size* | ||||||
| ≤2 cm | 36 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 17 |
| >2 cm <5 cm | 14 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| ≥5 cm | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
*TNM breast cancer staging and tumour size ranges taken from Cancer Research UK 2012.
GCSE, General Certificate of Secondary Education; HCP, healthcare professional; N=number of participants; n=number of participants included in group.