Representative immunoblots (A) and densitometric analysis of X-box– binding protein-1 (XBP1) (B), total JNK (t-JNK) (C), ratio of phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) to t-JNK (D), and ratio of p-JNK to total protein load (E). All samples were collected from the hearts of control, HFD, HFD-S, and HFD-D mice following 24 weeks of HFD feeding. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 vs. Control.