Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of men and women in Mauritius, free of diabetes or abnormal glucose metabolism in 1992 and with data on abnormal glucose metabolism status in 1998, according to tertile of energy-adjusted pulse consumption
| Men | women | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1: ≤6.14 g/MJ |
Tertile 2: 6.15–11.1 g/MJ |
Tertile 3 ≥11.2 g/MJ |
Tertile 1 ≤6.14 g/MJ |
Tertile 2 6.15–11.1 g/MJ |
Tertile 3 ≥11.2 g/MJ |
|||
| N | N | |||||||
| Mean (sd) age, years | 374 | 42.4 (9.22) | 44.2 (9.11) | 43.8 (9.76) | 430 | 44.7 (10.2) | 43.8 (10.3) | 45.4 (9.41) |
| Ethnicity, % South-Asian | 374 | 53.9* | 66.4 | 76.6 | 430 | 48.4* | 67.9 | 76.2 |
| Median (25th – 75th percentile) intake of pulses, g/day | 374 | 31.4 (15.7–47.1)* | 66.8 (62.9–94.3) | 141 (94.3–210) | 430 | 27.1 (15.7–31.4)* | 60.8 (47.1–62.9) | 136 (94.3–157) |
| Median (25th–75th percentile) intake of pulses, g/MJ | 374 | 3.70 (2.32–4.79)* | 7.96 (6.92–9.38) | 15.4 (12.8–20.7) | 430 | 3.93 (3.08–4.89)* | 8.34 (7.16–9.64) | 16.7 (13.3–21.9) |
| Mean (sd) energy intake, kcal | 374 | 2252 (562) | 2211 (609) | 2157 (594) | 430 | 1748 (466) | 1732 (441) | 1683 (472) |
| Family history of diabetes, % | 374 | 21.9 | 23.8 | 21.8 | 430 | 22.8 | 15.7 | 20.2 |
| ≥ Moderate leisure time physical activity, % | 373 | 20.5 | 21.3 | 21.8 | 429 | 0.83 | 4.29 | 2.98 |
| ≥ Moderate occupational physical activity, % | 374 | 48.4 | 53.3 | 50.8 | 429 | 15.7* | 15.7 | 20.2 |
| ≥ Secondary school, % | 374 | 39.1 | 42.6 | 47.6 | 429 | 28.1 | 22.1 | 20.8 |
| Smoking,% | 374 | 57.8 | 45.1 | 46.0 | 425 | 9.17* | 2.88 | 3.61 |
| Mean (sd) waist circumference, cm | 374 | 84.2 (8.72)* | 86.9 (7.78) | 84.9 (7.50) | 423 | 82.4 (9.30) | 81.6 (10.0) | 80.8 (10.5) |
| Mean (sd) BMI, kg/m2 | 374 | 23.7 (3.64) | 24.5 (3.53) | 23.6 (3.22) | 423 | 25.6 (4.19) | 25.6 (4.54) | 25.1 (5.13) |
| Median (25th–75th percentile) fruit intake, g/MJ | 374 | 5.19 (2.50–8.86) | 5.47 (2.95–8.58) | 5.77 (2.83–7.87) | 430 | 6.49 (3.00–13.1) | 5.60 (3.18–9.44) | 6.71 (3.90–9.28) |
| Median (25th–75th percentile) vegetable intake, g/MJ | 374 | 3.59 (2.38–6.25)* | 4.52 (2.99–6.85) | 6.76 (4.23–9.72) | 430 | 5.27 (3.24–8.76)* | 5.36 (3.51–8.72) | 7.27 (4.68–10.0) |
| Median (25th–75th percentile) fibre intake, g/MJ | 374 | 1.73 (1.51–2.07)* | 1.91 (1.58–2.33) | 2.02 (1.68–2.43) | 430 | 1.82 (1.55–2.29)* | 1.91 (1.67–2.42) | 2.12 (1.76–2.60) |
*
Significant difference (P<0.05) among tertiles (Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric test or Pearson's chi-squared test).