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. 2013 Dec;19(14):1858–1866. doi: 10.1177/1352458513490547

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© The Author(s) 2013

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm).

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Figure 1. — Density of respiratory enzyme-deficient muscle fibres in multiple sclerosis and controls.

(a) and (b): Sequential complex IV (COX) and complex II (SDH) histochemistry revealed respiratory enzyme-deficient fibres (stained blue, lacking COX activity with intact SDH) in MS (a) and controls (b). The remaining muscle fibres showed variable intensity of complex IV staining (stained brown).

(c): Respiratory enzyme-deficient fibres accounted for a mean of 6.85%±7.44 of all muscle fibres in MS (n=17) compared with a mean of 4.51%±3.39 in controls (n=15), which was not significantly different (p=0.48).

(d): There was a positive trend between the density of respiratory enzyme-deficient fibres and age in MS (p=0.29, r²=0.07) and controls (p=0.07, r²=0.32). In MS, this was statistically significant when the three outlying cases (MS04, MS14 and MS15) were excluded (p=0.038, r²=0.312 not shown).

COX: cytochrome c oxidase; SDH: succinate dehydrogenase; MS: multiple sclerosis. + indicates the mean value. Box plots indicate 25th and 75th centiles with median value by the horizontal line and fifth to 95th centiles by the error bars.