Correlation of intracellular O-GlcNAcylation with clinical parameters. RL2 indices of freshly isolated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells were measured for 41 patients whose clinical features are described in Table 1. Clinical Rai stage (a), CD38 expression (b), Lymphocyte doubling times (c), number of treatments for symptomatic disease (d), and cytogenetic abnormalities (with no or 13 q deletions considered ‘low-risk’ and any of trisomy 12, 11q or 17p deletions considered ‘high-risk’) (e) were plotted against the RL2 indices. The open circles (b, e) represent patients not included in the statistical analysis. Patients with more aggressive disease had significantly lower intracellular O-GlcNAcylated protein levels, as indicated by the P-values in the respective panels.