Table 2.
Change from baseline in body composition and metabolic and inflammatory markers
| CON (n = 25) | EET (n = 17) | PIO (n = 24) | p value |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EET vs. CON | PIO vs. CON | |||||
| Weight, kg | −2.5 (−6.0, 1.0) | −3.6 (−7.1, −0.1) | −2.1 (−5.6, 1.4) | 0.17 | 0.59 | |
| Fat mass, kg | −2.3 (−5.2, 0.6) | −3.7 (−6.6, −0.8) | −1.8 (−4.7, 1.2) | 0.03 | 0.31 | |
| Fat-free mass, kg | −0.3 (−2.3, 1.7) | 0.1 (−2.0, 2.1) | −0.5 (−2.5, 1.6) | 0.47 | 0.62 | |
| BMI | −0.9 (−2.1, 0.4) | −1.2 (−2.4, 0.1) | −0.6 (−1.9, 0.6) | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| SBP, mm Hg | −5.4 (−20, 9.4) | −10 (−25, 4.5) | −10 (−25, 4.4) | 0.13 | 0.11 | |
| DBP, mm Hg | 3.5 (−5.4, 12.5) | 0.0 (−9.0, 9.1) | 0.5 (−8.5, 9.6) | 0.08 | 0.10 | |
| VO2 peak, l/min | 0.0 (−0.4, 0.5) | 0.2 (−0.2, 0.6) | 0.0 (−0.4, 0.5) | 0.11 | 0.99 | |
| VO2 peak, ml/kg/min | 1.3 (−4.1, 6.7) | 3.2 (−2.3, 8.7) | 0.9 (−4.6, 6.4) | 0.12 | 0.72 | |
| Metabolic markers | ||||||
| HbA1c, % | −0.1 (−0.2, 0.0) | −0.0 (−0.2, 0.1) | −0.2 (−0.4, −0.1) | 0.65 | 0.20 | |
| Leptin, ng/ml | −0.4 (−4.2, 3.4) | −0.5 (−5.0, 4.1) | 0.5 (−3.4, 4.5) | 0.99 | 0.72 | |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dl | −1.4 (−3.7, 1.0) | 0.7 (−2.1, 3.5) | −2.3 (−4.7, 0.1) | 0.27 | 0.60 | |
| Fasting insulin, μU/ml | −0.4 (-3.2, 2.5) | 3.3 (−0.0, 6.7) | −6.7 (−9.6, −3.8) | 0.10 | 0.003 | |
| Glucose disposal rate, mg/kg/min | 0.1 (−0.6, 0.8) | 0.7 (−0.1, 1.6) | 1.7 (0.9, 2.4) | 0.25 | 0.002 | |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | −1.5 (−10.0, 6.9) | −5.7 (−15.3, 3.8) | −7.0 (−15.9, 1.9) | 0.52 | 0.39 | |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | −21.9 (−39.9, −3.9) | −24.3 (−44.8, −3.8) | −28.5 (−47.5, −9.4) | 0.86 | 0.62 | |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 1.7 (−5.3, 8.7) | −1.0 (−9.1, 7.1) | −5.1 (−12.5, 2.2) | 0.62 | 0.18 | |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | −0.5 (−2.7, 1.6) | −2.0 (−4.4, 0.4) | 0.6 (−1.6, 2.9) | 0.38 | 0.46 | |
| Inflammatory markers | ||||||
| CRP, mg/l | 1.4 (−2.2, 4.9) | −1.0 (−5.3, 3.2) | 2.9 (−0.8, 6.6) | 0.39 | 0.55 | |
| 1L-6, pg/ml | −1.5 (−2.1, −1.0) | −2.2 (−2.8, −1.5) | −1.8 (−2.3, −1.2) | 0.15 | 0.57 | |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) | −0.2 (−0.6, 0.2) | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1) | 0.22 | 0.20 | |
Values are unit change (95% CI). Estimates were done in a regression model controlling for baseline value, number of APOE ε4 alleles, and MCI subtype.