Table 1.
Recent hospitalization for opioid overdose or poisoning |
History of injection drug use |
Suspected or confirmed heroin abuse or nonmedical opioid abuse |
Enrolled in buprenorphine or methadone maintenance or detoxification program |
High-dose opioid prescription (>100 mg morphine equivalents per day) Use of extended-release or long-acting opioid preparations |
Any opioid prescription and known: smoking, COPD, emphysema, asthma, sleep apnea, or other respiratory system disease; alcohol use; concurrent benzodiazepine use |
Abbreviation: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.