Table 5.
Insonation parameters used for ultrasound and microbubble mediated gene delivery
| Cells / tumor | Insonation parameters | Treatment | Reference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHz | W.cm−2 | MI | MPa | PW/CW | |||
| in vitro | |||||||
| hepatocellular carcinoma | 1.0 | 0.5 | - | - | PW | IFNβ | Sakakima et al 2005 |
| prostate | 1.75 | - | 1.9 | 1.44* | PW | antisense oligodeoxynucleotide | Haag et al 2006 |
| hepatoma | 1.0 | 1.0 | - | - | PW | pEGFP | Zhang et al 2011 |
| prostate | 0.021 | 4.6 | - | - | PW | pEGFP DNA | Bai et al 2012[b] |
| endothelial cell | 1.0 | 2.0 | - | - | PW | Click beetle luciferase | Wang et al 2012[c] |
| breast cancer | 2.0 | 0.75 | - | - | CW | KDRP-CD/TK | Li et al 2012[c] |
| ovarian | 1.0 | 0.5 | - | - | PW | PEGFP-N1-wtp53 | Chang et al 2013 |
| in vivo | |||||||
| hepatocellular carcinoma | 1.0 | 2.0 | - | - | PW | IFNβ | Sakakima et al 2005 |
| prostate | - | - | 1.9 | - | PW | antisense oligodeoxynucleotide | Haag et al 2006 |
| hepatoma | 1.0 | 2.0 | - | - | PW | HSV-TK | Zhou et al 2010 |
| squamous cell carcinoma | 1.3 | - | 1.6 | 1.40* | PW | TK | Carson et al 2011 |
| melanoma | 1.011 | 0.22 | - | - | PW | IFNβ | Yamaguchi et al 2011[a] |
| prostate | 1.0 | 1.0 | - | 0.12 | PW | IL-27 | Zolochevska et al 2011 |
| squamous cell carcinoma | 1.3 | - | 1.6 | 1.40* | PW | sIRNA | Carson et al 2012 |
| nephroblastoma | 1.0 | 1.0 | - | - | CW | DNA | Sirsi et al 2012 |
| hepatic | 1.0 | 3.0 | - | - | PW | KDR-TK, AFP-TK | Tang et al 2012 |
| endothelial cell | 1.0 | 2.0 | - | - | PW | Click beetle luciferase | Wang et al 2012[c] |
| mammary adenocarcinoma | 1.3 | - | - | 2.1 | PW | shRNA | Fujii et al 2013 |
| hepatoma | 1.3 | - | 1.3 | 1.14* | PW | HSV-TK/GCV | Yu et al 2013 |
| renal carcinoma | 1.0 | 2.0 | - | - | PW | recombinant adeno-associate virus | Li et al 2014 |
Key: MI = mechanical index; PW = pulsed wave; CW = continuous wave; - = parameter not available;
*
represents calculated negative peak pressure = .