Table 2.
Integrated Global Health and Primary Care Graduate Medical Education Curricula.
| Institution | Department(s) | Curricular Highlights/Innovations | Additional Certifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| University of Minnesota | Internal medicine, family medicine, pediatrics | Structured coursework and fieldwork; primary care well integrated into curriculum; continuity clinics at travel, international adoption, and refugee health clinics | Certificate of knowledge in clinical tropical medicine and traveler’s health |
| Stanford University | Internal medicine | Residency training extended by 1 year; global health journal club; case-based tropical medicine courses; unique continuity clinic | Master of science |
| Massachusetts General Hospital | Internal medicine | Global primary care residency within the internal medicine residency; 10 months of international fieldwork at partner sites; continuity clinic serving postincarceration and other high-risk populations | Master of public health |
| Johns Hopkins School of Medicine | Internal medicine and pediatrics | Combined internal medicine and pediatrics residency with a primary-care urban-health curriculum; optional 2 additional years to obtain an advanced degree while practicing as an urban primary-care physician | Optional master of public health, master of education, master of business administration, or master of behavioral health |
| Mount Sinai School of Medicine | Internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry* | Combined internal medicine and pediatrics residency with a global-health curriculum, including mandatory fieldwork preparation course, epidemiology, biostatistics, medical anthropology; interdisciplinary global health residency with 6 weeks of fieldwork; medical student 8-week summer global health fieldwork project, including predeparture curriculum, ongoing mentorship, and goal of publication or poster presentation; global health 1–2-year fellowship postresidency; New York City–based global health rotations in tropical medicine, travel medicine, immigrant health, torture survivors, and tuberculosis | Master of public health in global health; additional certificates (such as tropical medicine) available for residents who enter the program with a master of public health degree |
*
Primary care often refers exclusively to internal medicine, pediatrics, family medicine, and related services. Obstetrics and gynecology and psychiatry are included here as primary care, as they provide primary women’s health and primary mental health services, respectively. Further, obstetrics and gynecology providers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are frequently the only clinicians providing care to an individual and thus deliver broader primary-care services.