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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 17.
Published in final edited form as: Epileptic Disord. 2009 Sep 10;11(3):206–214. doi: 10.1684/epd.2009.0273

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Experimental L2/3 neurons display high synaptic glutamatergic drive (modified from Ackman et al., 2009): A) Example traces of ongoing spontaneous activity recorded at − 70 mV (ECl−) and − 40 mV in a pyramidal cell of control L2/3 (left traces), experimental L2/3 (middle traces), and white matter heterotopia (right traces). Schemes on the top indicate the field analyzed in each case. Note the large increase of glutamate PSCs in the pyramidal cell from experimental L2/3 compared with control. Note in the ectopic cell the low level of activity and the absence of GABA PSCs. B) Mean GABA (left) and glutamate (right) PSC frequencies in L2/3 pyramidal neurons from slices transfected with control mismatch (Mism) constructs or shDCX (experimental layers 2/3 and heterotopia). Note that the ongoing spontaneous activity in pyramidal cells from experimental L2/3 is largely dominated by glutamate. Most of the ectopic neurons (73%) lack GABA events.

* Significantly different as compared to Mism.L2/3.