Table 1.
Maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes by lean vs. overweight/obese status
| Demographics | Normal (n=90) | Overweight/Obese (n=135) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Age (years) | 23.0 (±3.7) | 24.0 (±4.9) | 0.11 |
|
| |||
| Parity | |||
| 1 | 27 (30) | 27 (20) | 0.03 |
| 2 | 30 (33) | 35 (26) | |
| ≥3 | 33 (37) | 73 (54) | |
|
| |||
| Race | |||
| White | 34 (37.8) | 43 (32.2) | |
| Black | 38 (42.2) | 72 (54.1) | 0.18 |
| Other | 18 (20.0) | 18 (13.5) | |
|
| |||
| Education (years) | 12.2 (±1.7) | 12.5 (±2.0 | 0.15 |
|
| |||
| Yearly Income | |||
| <25,000 | 65 (77.4) | 103 (77.4) | |
| 25,000–75,000 | 17 (20.2) | 30 (22.6) | 0.19 |
| >75,000 | 2 (2.4) | 0 | |
|
| |||
| BMI (mean) | 21.6 (±2.3) | 33.4 (±7.1) | <0.01 |
|
| |||
| Total weight gain (lbs) | 38.9 (±16.8) | 24.8 (±17.0) | <0.01 |
|
| |||
| Weight gain 24–28 weeks (lbs) | 21.9 (±12.3) | 13.0 (±14.2) | <0.01 |
|
| |||
| Weight gain >IOM Recommendations at 24–28 weeks | 50 (55.6) | 66 (49.0) | 0.36 |
|
| |||
| Smoking | 44 (49.4) | 51 (38.1) | 0.09 |
|
| |||
| Any alcohol use | 6 (6.7) | 7 (5.2) | 0.65 |
|
| |||
| SBP | 108.1 (±10.7) | 115.8 (±7.5) | <0.01 |
|
| |||
| DBP | 65.2 (±8.1) | 70.7 (±6.0) | <0.01 |
|
| |||
| GA at enrollment | 8.3 (±2.0) | 8.3 (±1.8) | 0.98 |
|
| |||
| GA age at 24–28 week visit | 26.1 (±1.2) | 25.9 (±1.1) | 0.17 |
|
| |||
| 50 g GCT results (mg/dL) | 92.4 (±21.3) | 96.7 (±22.1) | 0.17 |
|
| |||
| GA at delivery (weeks) | 39.2 (±1.7) | 38.9 (±2.3) | 0.30 |
|
| |||
| Preterm birth (<37 weeks) | 5 (5.6%) | 12 (8.9%) | 0.35 |
|
| |||
| Birthweight (grams) | 3215 (±556) | 3227 (±594) | 0.86 |
|
| |||
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy | 8 (8.9%) | 10 (7.4%) | 0.67 |
All variables presented as mean (± standard deviation) or n (percent). BMI (Body Mass Index), lbs (pounds), IOM (Institute of Medicine), SBP (Systolic Blood Pressure), DBP (Diastolic Blood Pressure), GA (gestational age), GCT (glucose challenge test)