Table 3.
Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for determinants of objective unmet medical need
| Variables (unweighted N = 19,560; unweighted immigrant N = 4,868) | Panel A: Full sample |
Panel B: Immigrant sample |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model a | Model 3a | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Foreign-born | 1 32*** (1.15, 1.50) |
1.11 (0.96, 1.29) |
0.98 (0.84, 1.16) |
– | – | – |
| Length of time in U.S. | 0.95* (0.91, 1.00) |
0.96 (0.92, 1.00) |
0.96 (0.92, 1.01) |
|||
| Length of time in U.S. squared | – | – | – | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
| Length of time in U.S. cubed | – | – | – | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
| English interview | – | – | – | 0.71*** (0.58, 0.86) |
0.67** (0.51, 0.87) |
0.97 (0.74, 1.27) |
| State destination type (vs. traditional, high-/balanced-skill) | ||||||
| Traditional, low-skill | – | – | – | 0.55*** (0.44, 0.69) |
0.58*** (0.46, 0.73) |
0.58*** (0.45, 0.75) |
| New, high-/balanced-skill | – | – | – | 1.47 (0.97, 2.21) |
1.25 (0.86, 1.82) |
1.23 (0.86, 1.76) |
| New, low-skill | – | – | – | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41) |
1.06 (0.76, 1.49) |
1.16 (0.80, 1.69) |
| Educational attainment (vs. bachelor’s degree or higher) | ||||||
| Less than high school | 1 34*** (1.13, 1.58) |
1.26 (0.96, 1.66) |
||||
| High school diploma | 1 27*** (1.12, 1.44) |
0.82 (0.64, 1.07) |
||||
| Some college | 1.06 (0.94, 1.21) |
1.02 (0.77, 1.34) |
||||
| Income as % of poverty line (vs. high income) | ||||||
| Poor/near poor | 1.20* (1.04, 1.39) |
1.64** (1.17, 2.29) |
||||
| Low income | 1 35*** (1.17, 1.55) |
1.84*** (1.35, 2.50) |
||||
| Middle income | 1.16* (1.03, 1.31) |
1.29 (0.96, 1.74) |
||||
| Ever uninsured | 2.02*** (1.82, 2.24) |
2.61*** (2.12, 3.22) |
||||
| Family type (vs. married) | ||||||
| Widowed | 1.13 (0.91, 1.40) |
0.46** (0.27, 0.77) |
||||
| Divorced/separated | 1.17* (1.02, 1.34) |
1.25 (0.95, 1.65) |
||||
| Never married | 1.21** (1.08, 1.36) |
1.46* (1.09, 1.94) |
||||
| Cohabiting | 1 37** (1.09, 1.72) |
1.63* (1.04, 2.56) |
||||
| Control variables | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
*
P < .05;
**
P < .01,
***
P < .001
a
Models 2 and 3 in both panels control for age, age2, age3, gender, race, and self-reported health status, and all interactions between age, gender, and race. All models are weighted with sample weights