Table 2.

Frequency of feeding behaviors of Latina and African American mothers of preschoolers during mealtime observations

Codes	Percent Non-Zero	Mean	SD	Range
Frequency of Influence Attempts	99	34.2	29.6	0-132
Desired Behaviors (proportion of total influence attempts)
Encourage Eating	99	.42	.19	0-.90
Eat All	44	.03	.05	0-.21
Eat Different Food	45	.06	.11	0-.58
Discourage Eating	78	.09	.11	0-.67
Table Manners	76	.12	.11	0-.35
Eating Skills	60	.09	.12	0-.54
Internal Cues Encourage Eating	13	.01	.02	0-.13
Internal Cues Discourage Eating	18	.01	.02	0-.13
Other Food	70	.10	.11	0-.50
Non-Food	53	.07	.14	0-1.00
Verbal Strategies (proportion of total influence attempts)
Hint/Acknowledge	62	.05	.06	0-.28
Enthusiastic Modeling	36	.02	.03	0-.15
Question/Suggest	95	.25	.16	0-.71
Praise	27	.01	.04	0-.27
Reason/Instruct	65	.07	.09	0-.50
Unelaborated Commands	99	.54	.18	0-1.00
Verbal Pressure	44	.02	.03	0-.14
Discourage/Scold	14	.01	.02	0-.14
Food Rewards	12	.004	.01	0-.09
Food Punishments	9	.003	.01	0-.07
Non-Food Rewards	6	.001	.01	0-.04
Non-Food Punishments	22	.01	.03	0-.18
Non-Verbal Strategies (proportion of total influence attempts)
Moves Self Closer	44	.04	.07	0-.37
Moves Something Closer	49	.04	.06	0-.33
Points/Motions	76	.11	.12	0-.75
Helps	45	.03	.05	0-.19
Spoon Feeds	22	.02	.05	0-.32
Physically Forces	37	.02	.04	0-.19
Frequency of Non-Influence Attempts	96	13.1	16.1	0-81
Content of Non-Influence Attempts (proportion of total non-influence attempts)
Food Characteristics	46	.09	.12	0-.50
Other Food Content	64	.34	.31	0-1.00
References to Child	80	.32	.29	0-1.00
References to Mother	28	.03	.07	0-.50
References to Other People	32	.05	.10	0-.50
Non-Food References	32	.06	.13	0-.88
Clarification	54	.11	.18	0-1.00